/*
 * Copyright 2015 Facebook, Inc.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#include <folly/stats/TimeseriesHistogram.h>
#include <folly/stats/TimeseriesHistogram-defs.h>

#include <gtest/gtest.h>

using namespace std;
using namespace folly;
using std::chrono::seconds;

namespace IntMTMHTS {
  enum Levels {
    MINUTE,
    TEN_MINUTE,
    HOUR,
    ALLTIME,
    NUM_LEVELS,
  };

  const seconds kDurations[] = {
    seconds(60), seconds(600), seconds(3600), seconds(0)
  };
};

namespace IntMHTS {
  enum Levels {
    MINUTE,
    HOUR,
    ALLTIME,
    NUM_LEVELS,
  };

  const seconds kDurations[] = {
    seconds(60), seconds(3600), seconds(0)
  };
};

typedef std::mt19937 RandomInt32;

TEST(TimeseriesHistogram, Percentile) {
  RandomInt32 random(5);
  // [10, 109], 12 buckets including above and below
  {
    TimeseriesHistogram<int> h(10, 10, 110,
                               MultiLevelTimeSeries<int>(
                                 60, IntMTMHTS::NUM_LEVELS,
                                 IntMTMHTS::kDurations));

    EXPECT_EQ(0, h.getPercentileEstimate(0, IntMTMHTS::ALLTIME));

    EXPECT_EQ(12, h.getNumBuckets());
    EXPECT_EQ(10, h.getBucketSize());
    EXPECT_EQ(10, h.getMin());
    EXPECT_EQ(110, h.getMax());

    for (int i = 0; i < h.getNumBuckets(); ++i) {
      EXPECT_EQ(4, h.getBucket(i).numLevels());
    }

    int maxVal = 120;
    h.addValue(seconds(0), 0);
    h.addValue(seconds(0), maxVal);
    for (int i = 0; i < 98; i++) {
      h.addValue(seconds(0), random() % maxVal);
    }

    h.update(std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(
               std::chrono::system_clock::now().time_since_epoch()));
    // bucket 0 stores everything below min, so its minimum
    // is the lowest possible number
    EXPECT_EQ(std::numeric_limits<int>::min(),
              h.getPercentileBucketMin(1, IntMTMHTS::ALLTIME));
    EXPECT_EQ(110, h.getPercentileBucketMin(99, IntMTMHTS::ALLTIME));

    EXPECT_EQ(-2, h.getPercentileEstimate(0, IntMTMHTS::ALLTIME));
    EXPECT_EQ(-1, h.getPercentileEstimate(1, IntMTMHTS::ALLTIME));
    EXPECT_EQ(119, h.getPercentileEstimate(99, IntMTMHTS::ALLTIME));
    EXPECT_EQ(120, h.getPercentileEstimate(100, IntMTMHTS::ALLTIME));
  }
}

TEST(TimeseriesHistogram, String) {
  RandomInt32 random(5);
  // [10, 109], 12 buckets including above and below
  {
    TimeseriesHistogram<int> hist(10, 10, 110,
                                  MultiLevelTimeSeries<int>(
                                    60, IntMTMHTS::NUM_LEVELS,
                                    IntMTMHTS::kDurations));

    int maxVal = 120;
    hist.addValue(seconds(0), 0);
    hist.addValue(seconds(0), maxVal);
    for (int i = 0; i < 98; i++) {
      hist.addValue(seconds(0), random() % maxVal);
    }

    hist.update(seconds(0));

    const char* const kStringValues1[IntMTMHTS::NUM_LEVELS] =  {
      "-2147483648:12:4,10:8:13,20:8:24,30:6:34,40:13:46,50:8:54,60:7:64,"
        "70:7:74,80:8:84,90:10:94,100:3:103,110:10:115",
      "-2147483648:12:4,10:8:13,20:8:24,30:6:34,40:13:46,50:8:54,60:7:64,"
        "70:7:74,80:8:84,90:10:94,100:3:103,110:10:115",
      "-2147483648:12:4,10:8:13,20:8:24,30:6:34,40:13:46,50:8:54,60:7:64,"
        "70:7:74,80:8:84,90:10:94,100:3:103,110:10:115",
      "-2147483648:12:4,10:8:13,20:8:24,30:6:34,40:13:46,50:8:54,60:7:64,"
        "70:7:74,80:8:84,90:10:94,100:3:103,110:10:115",
    };

    CHECK_EQ(IntMTMHTS::NUM_LEVELS, hist.getNumLevels());

    for (int level = 0; level < hist.getNumLevels(); ++level) {
      EXPECT_EQ(kStringValues1[level], hist.getString(level));
    }

    const char* const kStringValues2[IntMTMHTS::NUM_LEVELS] =  {
      "-2147483648:12:4,10:8:13,20:8:24,30:6:34,40:13:46,50:8:54,60:7:64,"
        "70:7:74,80:8:84,90:10:94,100:3:103,110:10:115",
      "-2147483648:12:4,10:8:13,20:8:24,30:6:34,40:13:46,50:8:54,60:7:64,"
        "70:7:74,80:8:84,90:10:94,100:3:103,110:10:115",
      "-2147483648:12:4,10:8:13,20:8:24,30:6:34,40:13:46,50:8:54,60:7:64,"
        "70:7:74,80:8:84,90:10:94,100:3:103,110:10:115",
      "-2147483648:12:4,10:8:13,20:8:24,30:6:34,40:13:46,50:8:54,60:7:64,"
        "70:7:74,80:8:84,90:10:94,100:3:103,110:10:115",
    };

    CHECK_EQ(IntMTMHTS::NUM_LEVELS, hist.getNumLevels());

    for (int level = 0; level < hist.getNumLevels(); ++level) {
      EXPECT_EQ(kStringValues2[level], hist.getString(level));
    }
  }
}

TEST(TimeseriesHistogram, Clear) {
  {
    TimeseriesHistogram<int> hist(10, 0, 100,
                                  MultiLevelTimeSeries<int>(
                                    60, IntMTMHTS::NUM_LEVELS,
                                    IntMTMHTS::kDurations));

    for (int now = 0; now < 3600; now++) {
      for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
        hist.addValue(seconds(now), i, 2);  // adds each item 2 times
      }
    }

    // check clearing
    hist.clear();

    for (int b = 0; b < hist.getNumBuckets(); ++b) {
      EXPECT_EQ(0, hist.getBucket(b).count(IntMTMHTS::MINUTE));
      EXPECT_EQ(0, hist.getBucket(b).count(IntMTMHTS::TEN_MINUTE));
      EXPECT_EQ(0, hist.getBucket(b).count(IntMTMHTS::HOUR));
      EXPECT_EQ(0, hist.getBucket(b).count(IntMTMHTS::ALLTIME));
    }

    for (int pct = 0; pct <= 100; pct++) {
      EXPECT_EQ(0, hist.getPercentileBucketMin(pct, IntMTMHTS::MINUTE));
      EXPECT_EQ(0, hist.getPercentileBucketMin(pct, IntMTMHTS::TEN_MINUTE));
      EXPECT_EQ(0, hist.getPercentileBucketMin(pct, IntMTMHTS::HOUR));
      EXPECT_EQ(0, hist.getPercentileBucketMin(pct, IntMTMHTS::ALLTIME));

      EXPECT_EQ(0, hist.getPercentileEstimate(pct, IntMTMHTS::MINUTE));
      EXPECT_EQ(0, hist.getPercentileEstimate(pct, IntMTMHTS::TEN_MINUTE));
      EXPECT_EQ(0, hist.getPercentileEstimate(pct, IntMTMHTS::HOUR));
      EXPECT_EQ(0, hist.getPercentileEstimate(pct, IntMTMHTS::ALLTIME));
    }
  }
}


TEST(TimeseriesHistogram, Basic) {
  {
    TimeseriesHistogram<int> hist(10, 0, 100,
                                  MultiLevelTimeSeries<int>(
                                    60, IntMTMHTS::NUM_LEVELS,
                                    IntMTMHTS::kDurations));

    for (int now = 0; now < 3600; now++) {
      for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
        hist.addValue(seconds(now), i);
      }
    }

    hist.update(seconds(3599));
    for (int pct = 1; pct <= 100; pct++) {
      int expected = (pct - 1) / 10 * 10;
      EXPECT_EQ(expected, hist.getPercentileBucketMin(pct, IntMTMHTS::MINUTE));
      EXPECT_EQ(expected, hist.getPercentileBucketMin(pct,
                                                      IntMTMHTS::TEN_MINUTE));
      EXPECT_EQ(expected, hist.getPercentileBucketMin(pct, IntMTMHTS::HOUR));
      EXPECT_EQ(expected, hist.getPercentileBucketMin(pct, IntMTMHTS::ALLTIME));
    }

    for (int b = 1; (b + 1) < hist.getNumBuckets(); ++b) {
      EXPECT_EQ(600, hist.getBucket(b).count(IntMTMHTS::MINUTE));
      EXPECT_EQ(6000, hist.getBucket(b).count(IntMTMHTS::TEN_MINUTE));
      EXPECT_EQ(36000, hist.getBucket(b).count(IntMTMHTS::HOUR));
      EXPECT_EQ(36000, hist.getBucket(b).count(IntMTMHTS::ALLTIME));
    }
    EXPECT_EQ(0, hist.getBucket(0).count(IntMTMHTS::MINUTE));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, hist.getBucket(hist.getNumBuckets() - 1).count(
                IntMTMHTS::MINUTE));
  }

  // -----------------

  {
    TimeseriesHistogram<int> hist(10, 0, 100,
                                  MultiLevelTimeSeries<int>(
                                    60, IntMTMHTS::NUM_LEVELS,
                                    IntMTMHTS::kDurations));

    for (int now = 0; now < 3600; now++) {
      for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
        hist.addValue(seconds(now), i, 2);  // adds each item 2 times
      }
    }

    hist.update(seconds(3599));
    for (int pct = 1; pct <= 100; pct++) {
      int expected = (pct - 1) / 10 * 10;
      EXPECT_EQ(expected, hist.getPercentileBucketMin(pct, IntMTMHTS::MINUTE));
      EXPECT_EQ(expected, hist.getPercentileBucketMin(pct,
                                                      IntMTMHTS::TEN_MINUTE));
      EXPECT_EQ(expected, hist.getPercentileBucketMin(pct, IntMTMHTS::HOUR));
      EXPECT_EQ(expected, hist.getPercentileBucketMin(pct, IntMTMHTS::ALLTIME));
   }

    for (int b = 1; (b + 1) < hist.getNumBuckets(); ++b) {
      EXPECT_EQ(600 * 2, hist.getBucket(b).count(IntMTMHTS::MINUTE));
      EXPECT_EQ(6000 * 2, hist.getBucket(b).count(IntMTMHTS::TEN_MINUTE));
      EXPECT_EQ(36000 * 2, hist.getBucket(b).count(IntMTMHTS::HOUR));
      EXPECT_EQ(36000 * 2, hist.getBucket(b).count(IntMTMHTS::ALLTIME));
    }
    EXPECT_EQ(0, hist.getBucket(0).count(IntMTMHTS::MINUTE));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, hist.getBucket(hist.getNumBuckets() - 1).count(
                IntMTMHTS::MINUTE));
  }

  // -----------------

  {
    TimeseriesHistogram<int> hist(10, 0, 100,
                                  MultiLevelTimeSeries<int>(
                                    60, IntMTMHTS::NUM_LEVELS,
                                    IntMTMHTS::kDurations));

    for (int now = 0; now < 3600; now++) {
      for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
        hist.addValue(seconds(now), i * 2, 2);  // adds each item 2 times
      }
    }

    hist.update(seconds(3599));
    for (int pct = 1; pct <= 100; pct++) {
      int expected = (pct - 1) / 10 * 10;
      EXPECT_EQ(expected, hist.getPercentileBucketMin(pct, IntMTMHTS::MINUTE));
      EXPECT_EQ(expected, hist.getPercentileBucketMin(pct,
                                                      IntMTMHTS::TEN_MINUTE));
      EXPECT_EQ(expected, hist.getPercentileBucketMin(pct, IntMTMHTS::HOUR));
      EXPECT_EQ(expected, hist.getPercentileBucketMin(pct, IntMTMHTS::ALLTIME));
    }

    EXPECT_EQ(0, hist.getBucket(0).count(IntMTMHTS::MINUTE));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, hist.getBucket(0).count(IntMTMHTS::TEN_MINUTE));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, hist.getBucket(0).count(IntMTMHTS::HOUR));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, hist.getBucket(0).count(IntMTMHTS::ALLTIME));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, hist.getBucket(hist.getNumBuckets() - 1).count(
                IntMTMHTS::MINUTE));
    EXPECT_EQ(0,
              hist.getBucket(hist.getNumBuckets() - 1).
                count(IntMTMHTS::TEN_MINUTE));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, hist.getBucket(hist.getNumBuckets() - 1).count(
                IntMTMHTS::HOUR));
    EXPECT_EQ(0,
              hist.getBucket(hist.getNumBuckets() - 1).count(
                IntMTMHTS::ALLTIME));

    for (int b = 1; (b + 1) < hist.getNumBuckets(); ++b) {
      EXPECT_EQ(600, hist.getBucket(b).count(IntMTMHTS::MINUTE));
      EXPECT_EQ(6000, hist.getBucket(b).count(IntMTMHTS::TEN_MINUTE));
      EXPECT_EQ(36000, hist.getBucket(b).count(IntMTMHTS::HOUR));
      EXPECT_EQ(36000, hist.getBucket(b).count(IntMTMHTS::ALLTIME));
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
      hist.addValue(seconds(3599), 200 + i);
    }
    hist.update(seconds(3599));
    EXPECT_EQ(100,
              hist.getBucket(hist.getNumBuckets() - 1).count(
                IntMTMHTS::ALLTIME));

  }
}

TEST(TimeseriesHistogram, QueryByInterval) {
  TimeseriesHistogram<int> mhts(8, 8, 120,
                                MultiLevelTimeSeries<int>(
                                  60, IntMHTS::NUM_LEVELS,
                                  IntMHTS::kDurations));

  mhts.update(seconds(0));

  int curTime;
  for (curTime = 0; curTime < 7200; curTime++) {
    mhts.addValue(seconds(curTime), 1);
  }
  for (curTime = 7200; curTime < 7200 + 3540; curTime++) {
    mhts.addValue(seconds(curTime), 10);
  }
  for (curTime = 7200 + 3540; curTime < 7200 + 3600; curTime++) {
    mhts.addValue(seconds(curTime), 100);
  }

  mhts.update(seconds(7200 + 3600 - 1));

  struct TimeInterval {
    TimeInterval(int s, int e)
      : start(s), end(e) {}

    std::chrono::seconds start;
    std::chrono::seconds end;
  };
  TimeInterval intervals[12] = {
    { curTime - 60, curTime },
    { curTime - 3600, curTime },
    { curTime - 7200, curTime },
    { curTime - 3600, curTime - 60 },
    { curTime - 7200, curTime - 60 },
    { curTime - 7200, curTime - 3600 },
    { curTime - 50, curTime - 20 },
    { curTime - 3020, curTime - 20 },
    { curTime - 7200, curTime - 20 },
    { curTime - 3000, curTime - 1000 },
    { curTime - 7200, curTime - 1000 },
    { curTime - 7200, curTime - 3600 },
  };

  int expectedSums[12] = {
    6000, 41400, 32400, 35400, 32129, 16200, 3000, 33600, 32308, 20000, 27899,
    16200
  };

  int expectedCounts[12] = {
    60, 3600, 7200, 3540, 7139, 3600, 30, 3000, 7178, 2000, 6199, 3600
  };

  // The first 7200 values added all fell below the histogram minimum,
  // and went into the bucket that tracks all of the too-small values.
  // This bucket reports a minimum value of the smallest possible integer.
  int belowMinBucket = std::numeric_limits<int>::min();

  int expectedValues[12][3] = {
    {96, 96, 96},
    { 8,  8, 96},
    { belowMinBucket,  belowMinBucket,  8}, // alltime
    { 8,  8,  8},
    { belowMinBucket,  belowMinBucket,  8}, // alltime
    { belowMinBucket,  belowMinBucket,  8}, // alltime
    {96, 96, 96},
    { 8,  8, 96},
    { belowMinBucket,  belowMinBucket,  8}, // alltime
    { 8,  8,  8},
    { belowMinBucket,  belowMinBucket,  8}, // alltime
    { belowMinBucket,  belowMinBucket,  8}  // alltime
  };

  for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++) {
    const auto& itv = intervals[i];
    int s = mhts.sum(itv.start, itv.end);
    EXPECT_EQ(expectedSums[i], s);

    int c = mhts.count(itv.start, itv.end);
    EXPECT_EQ(expectedCounts[i], c);
  }

  // 3 levels
  for (int i = 1; i <= 100; i++) {
    EXPECT_EQ(96, mhts.getPercentileBucketMin(i, 0));
    EXPECT_EQ(96, mhts.getPercentileBucketMin(i, seconds(curTime - 60),
                                              seconds(curTime)));
    EXPECT_EQ(8, mhts.getPercentileBucketMin(i, seconds(curTime - 3540),
                                             seconds(curTime - 60)));
  }

  EXPECT_EQ(8, mhts.getPercentileBucketMin(1, 1));
  EXPECT_EQ(8, mhts.getPercentileBucketMin(98, 1));
  EXPECT_EQ(96, mhts.getPercentileBucketMin(99, 1));
  EXPECT_EQ(96, mhts.getPercentileBucketMin(100, 1));

  EXPECT_EQ(belowMinBucket, mhts.getPercentileBucketMin(1, 2));
  EXPECT_EQ(belowMinBucket, mhts.getPercentileBucketMin(66, 2));
  EXPECT_EQ(8, mhts.getPercentileBucketMin(67, 2));
  EXPECT_EQ(8, mhts.getPercentileBucketMin(99, 2));
  EXPECT_EQ(96, mhts.getPercentileBucketMin(100, 2));

  // 0 is currently the value for bucket 0 (below min)
  for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++) {
    const auto& itv = intervals[i];
    int v = mhts.getPercentileBucketMin(1, itv.start, itv.end);
    EXPECT_EQ(expectedValues[i][0], v);

    v = mhts.getPercentileBucketMin(50, itv.start, itv.end);
    EXPECT_EQ(expectedValues[i][1], v);

    v = mhts.getPercentileBucketMin(99, itv.start, itv.end);
    EXPECT_EQ(expectedValues[i][2], v);
  }

  for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++) {
    const auto& itv = intervals[i];
    int c = mhts.count(itv.start, itv.end);
    // Some of the older intervals that fall in the alltime bucket
    // are off by 1 or 2 in their estimated counts.
    size_t tolerance = 0;
    if (itv.start <= seconds(curTime - 7200)) {
      tolerance = 2;
    } else if (itv.start <= seconds(curTime - 3000)) {
      tolerance = 1;
    }
    size_t actualCount = (itv.end - itv.start).count();
    size_t estimatedCount = mhts.count(itv.start, itv.end);
    EXPECT_GE(actualCount, estimatedCount);
    EXPECT_LE(actualCount - tolerance, estimatedCount);
  }
}

TEST(TimeseriesHistogram, SingleUniqueValue) {
  int values[] = {-1, 0, 500, 1000, 1500};
  for (int ii = 0; ii < 5; ++ii) {
    int value = values[ii];
    TimeseriesHistogram<int> h(10, 0, 1000,
                               MultiLevelTimeSeries<int>(
                                 60, IntMTMHTS::NUM_LEVELS,
                                 IntMTMHTS::kDurations));

    const int kNumIters = 1000;
    for (int jj = 0; jj < kNumIters; ++jj) {
      h.addValue(seconds(time(nullptr)), value);
    }
    h.update(seconds(time(nullptr)));
    // since we've only added one unique value, all percentiles should
    // be that value
    EXPECT_EQ(h.getPercentileEstimate(10, 0), value);
    EXPECT_EQ(h.getPercentileEstimate(50, 0), value);
    EXPECT_EQ(h.getPercentileEstimate(99, 0), value);

    // Things get trickier if there are multiple unique values.
    const int kNewValue = 750;
    for (int kk = 0; kk < 2*kNumIters; ++kk) {
      h.addValue(seconds(time(nullptr)), kNewValue);
    }
    h.update(seconds(time(nullptr)));
    EXPECT_NEAR(h.getPercentileEstimate(50, 0), kNewValue+5, 5);
    if (value >= 0 && value <= 1000) {
      // only do further testing if value is within our bucket range,
      // else estimates can be wildly off
      if (kNewValue > value) {
        EXPECT_NEAR(h.getPercentileEstimate(10, 0), value+5, 5);
        EXPECT_NEAR(h.getPercentileEstimate(99, 0), kNewValue+5, 5);
      } else {
        EXPECT_NEAR(h.getPercentileEstimate(10, 0), kNewValue+5, 5);
        EXPECT_NEAR(h.getPercentileEstimate(99, 0), value+5, 5);
      }
    }
  }
}