Project import
diff --git a/ksmutils/Android.mk b/ksmutils/Android.mk
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b7825c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ksmutils/Android.mk
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2013 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+LOCAL_PATH:= $(call my-dir)
+
+include $(CLEAR_VARS)
+LOCAL_SRC_FILES := ksminfo.c lookup3.c
+LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := libpagemap
+LOCAL_MODULE := ksminfo
+LOCAL_MODULE_PATH := $(TARGET_OUT_OPTIONAL_EXECUTABLES)
+LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := debug
+include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE)
diff --git a/ksmutils/MODULE_LICENSE_APACHE2 b/ksmutils/MODULE_LICENSE_APACHE2
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ksmutils/MODULE_LICENSE_APACHE2
diff --git a/ksmutils/NOTICE b/ksmutils/NOTICE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c5b1efa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ksmutils/NOTICE
@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+
+ Copyright (c) 2005-2008, The Android Open Source Project
+
+ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+
+
+ Apache License
+ Version 2.0, January 2004
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/
+
+ TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
+
+ 1. Definitions.
+
+ "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction,
+ and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document.
+
+ "Licensor" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by
+ the copyright owner that is granting the License.
+
+ "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all
+ other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common
+ control with that entity. For the purposes of this definition,
+ "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the
+ direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or
+ otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the
+ outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.
+
+ "You" (or "Your") shall mean an individual or Legal Entity
+ exercising permissions granted by this License.
+
+ "Source" form shall mean the preferred form for making modifications,
+ including but not limited to software source code, documentation
+ source, and configuration files.
+
+ "Object" form shall mean any form resulting from mechanical
+ transformation or translation of a Source form, including but
+ not limited to compiled object code, generated documentation,
+ and conversions to other media types.
+
+ "Work" shall mean the work of authorship, whether in Source or
+ Object form, made available under the License, as indicated by a
+ copyright notice that is included in or attached to the work
+ (an example is provided in the Appendix below).
+
+ "Derivative Works" shall mean any work, whether in Source or Object
+ form, that is based on (or derived from) the Work and for which the
+ editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications
+ represent, as a whole, an original work of authorship. For the purposes
+ of this License, Derivative Works shall not include works that remain
+ separable from, or merely link (or bind by name) to the interfaces of,
+ the Work and Derivative Works thereof.
+
+ "Contribution" shall mean any work of authorship, including
+ the original version of the Work and any modifications or additions
+ to that Work or Derivative Works thereof, that is intentionally
+ submitted to Licensor for inclusion in the Work by the copyright owner
+ or by an individual or Legal Entity authorized to submit on behalf of
+ the copyright owner. For the purposes of this definition, "submitted"
+ means any form of electronic, verbal, or written communication sent
+ to the Licensor or its representatives, including but not limited to
+ communication on electronic mailing lists, source code control systems,
+ and issue tracking systems that are managed by, or on behalf of, the
+ Licensor for the purpose of discussing and improving the Work, but
+ excluding communication that is conspicuously marked or otherwise
+ designated in writing by the copyright owner as "Not a Contribution."
+
+ "Contributor" shall mean Licensor and any individual or Legal Entity
+ on behalf of whom a Contribution has been received by Licensor and
+ subsequently incorporated within the Work.
+
+ 2. Grant of Copyright License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
+ this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual,
+ worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable
+ copyright license to reproduce, prepare Derivative Works of,
+ publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute the
+ Work and such Derivative Works in Source or Object form.
+
+ 3. Grant of Patent License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
+ this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual,
+ worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable
+ (except as stated in this section) patent license to make, have made,
+ use, offer to sell, sell, import, and otherwise transfer the Work,
+ where such license applies only to those patent claims licensable
+ by such Contributor that are necessarily infringed by their
+ Contribution(s) alone or by combination of their Contribution(s)
+ with the Work to which such Contribution(s) was submitted. If You
+ institute patent litigation against any entity (including a
+ cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that the Work
+ or a Contribution incorporated within the Work constitutes direct
+ or contributory patent infringement, then any patent licenses
+ granted to You under this License for that Work shall terminate
+ as of the date such litigation is filed.
+
+ 4. Redistribution. You may reproduce and distribute copies of the
+ Work or Derivative Works thereof in any medium, with or without
+ modifications, and in Source or Object form, provided that You
+ meet the following conditions:
+
+ (a) You must give any other recipients of the Work or
+ Derivative Works a copy of this License; and
+
+ (b) You must cause any modified files to carry prominent notices
+ stating that You changed the files; and
+
+ (c) You must retain, in the Source form of any Derivative Works
+ that You distribute, all copyright, patent, trademark, and
+ attribution notices from the Source form of the Work,
+ excluding those notices that do not pertain to any part of
+ the Derivative Works; and
+
+ (d) If the Work includes a "NOTICE" text file as part of its
+ distribution, then any Derivative Works that You distribute must
+ include a readable copy of the attribution notices contained
+ within such NOTICE file, excluding those notices that do not
+ pertain to any part of the Derivative Works, in at least one
+ of the following places: within a NOTICE text file distributed
+ as part of the Derivative Works; within the Source form or
+ documentation, if provided along with the Derivative Works; or,
+ within a display generated by the Derivative Works, if and
+ wherever such third-party notices normally appear. The contents
+ of the NOTICE file are for informational purposes only and
+ do not modify the License. You may add Your own attribution
+ notices within Derivative Works that You distribute, alongside
+ or as an addendum to the NOTICE text from the Work, provided
+ that such additional attribution notices cannot be construed
+ as modifying the License.
+
+ You may add Your own copyright statement to Your modifications and
+ may provide additional or different license terms and conditions
+ for use, reproduction, or distribution of Your modifications, or
+ for any such Derivative Works as a whole, provided Your use,
+ reproduction, and distribution of the Work otherwise complies with
+ the conditions stated in this License.
+
+ 5. Submission of Contributions. Unless You explicitly state otherwise,
+ any Contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the Work
+ by You to the Licensor shall be under the terms and conditions of
+ this License, without any additional terms or conditions.
+ Notwithstanding the above, nothing herein shall supersede or modify
+ the terms of any separate license agreement you may have executed
+ with Licensor regarding such Contributions.
+
+ 6. Trademarks. This License does not grant permission to use the trade
+ names, trademarks, service marks, or product names of the Licensor,
+ except as required for reasonable and customary use in describing the
+ origin of the Work and reproducing the content of the NOTICE file.
+
+ 7. Disclaimer of Warranty. Unless required by applicable law or
+ agreed to in writing, Licensor provides the Work (and each
+ Contributor provides its Contributions) on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+ implied, including, without limitation, any warranties or conditions
+ of TITLE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY, or FITNESS FOR A
+ PARTICULAR PURPOSE. You are solely responsible for determining the
+ appropriateness of using or redistributing the Work and assume any
+ risks associated with Your exercise of permissions under this License.
+
+ 8. Limitation of Liability. In no event and under no legal theory,
+ whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise,
+ unless required by applicable law (such as deliberate and grossly
+ negligent acts) or agreed to in writing, shall any Contributor be
+ liable to You for damages, including any direct, indirect, special,
+ incidental, or consequential damages of any character arising as a
+ result of this License or out of the use or inability to use the
+ Work (including but not limited to damages for loss of goodwill,
+ work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all
+ other commercial damages or losses), even if such Contributor
+ has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
+
+ 9. Accepting Warranty or Additional Liability. While redistributing
+ the Work or Derivative Works thereof, You may choose to offer,
+ and charge a fee for, acceptance of support, warranty, indemnity,
+ or other liability obligations and/or rights consistent with this
+ License. However, in accepting such obligations, You may act only
+ on Your own behalf and on Your sole responsibility, not on behalf
+ of any other Contributor, and only if You agree to indemnify,
+ defend, and hold each Contributor harmless for any liability
+ incurred by, or claims asserted against, such Contributor by reason
+ of your accepting any such warranty or additional liability.
+
+ END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
diff --git a/ksmutils/ksminfo.c b/ksmutils/ksminfo.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..278692f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ksmutils/ksminfo.c
@@ -0,0 +1,485 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2013 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <getopt.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <pagemap/pagemap.h>
+
+#define MAX_FILENAME 64
+
+#define GROWTH_FACTOR 10
+
+#define NO_PATTERN 0x100
+
+#define PR_SORTED 1
+#define PR_VERBOSE 2
+#define PR_ALL 4
+
+struct vaddr {
+ unsigned long addr;
+ size_t num_pages;
+ pid_t pid;
+};
+
+struct ksm_page {
+ uint64_t count;
+ uint32_t hash;
+ struct vaddr *vaddr;
+ size_t vaddr_len, vaddr_size;
+ size_t vaddr_count;
+ uint16_t pattern;
+};
+
+struct ksm_pages {
+ struct ksm_page *pages;
+ size_t len, size;
+};
+
+static void usage(char *myname);
+static int getprocname(pid_t pid, char *buf, int len);
+static int read_pages(struct ksm_pages *kp, pm_map_t **maps, size_t num_maps, uint8_t pr_flags);
+static void print_pages(struct ksm_pages *kp, uint8_t pr_flags);
+static void free_pages(struct ksm_pages *kp, uint8_t pr_flags);
+static bool is_pattern(uint8_t *data, size_t len);
+static int cmp_pages(const void *a, const void *b);
+extern uint32_t hashword(const uint32_t *, size_t, int32_t);
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+ pm_kernel_t *ker;
+ pm_process_t *proc;
+ pid_t *pids;
+ size_t num_procs;
+ size_t i;
+ pm_map_t **maps;
+ size_t num_maps;
+ char cmdline[256]; // this must be within the range of int
+ int error;
+ int rc = EXIT_SUCCESS;
+ uint8_t pr_flags = 0;
+ struct ksm_pages kp;
+
+ memset(&kp, 0, sizeof(kp));
+
+ opterr = 0;
+ do {
+ int c = getopt(argc, argv, "hvsa");
+ if (c == -1)
+ break;
+
+ switch (c) {
+ case 'a':
+ pr_flags |= PR_ALL;
+ break;
+ case 's':
+ pr_flags |= PR_SORTED;
+ break;
+ case 'v':
+ pr_flags |= PR_VERBOSE;
+ break;
+ case 'h':
+ usage(argv[0]);
+ exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+ case '?':
+ fprintf(stderr, "unknown option: %c\n", optopt);
+ usage(argv[0]);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ } while (1);
+
+ error = pm_kernel_create(&ker);
+ if (error) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error creating kernel interface -- "
+ "does this kernel have pagemap?\n");
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+
+ if (pr_flags & PR_ALL) {
+ error = pm_kernel_pids(ker, &pids, &num_procs);
+ if (error) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error listing processes.\n");
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ } else {
+ if (optind != argc - 1) {
+ usage(argv[0]);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+
+ pids = malloc(sizeof(*pids));
+ if (pids == NULL) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error allocating pid memory\n");
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+
+ *pids = strtoul(argv[optind], NULL, 10);
+ if (*pids == 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Invalid PID\n");
+ rc = EXIT_FAILURE;
+ goto exit;
+ }
+ num_procs = 1;
+ if (getprocname(*pids, cmdline, sizeof(cmdline)) < 0) {
+ cmdline[0] = '\0';
+ }
+ printf("%s (%u):\n", cmdline, *pids);
+ }
+
+ printf("Warning: this tool only compares the KSM CRCs of pages, there is a chance of "
+ "collisions\n");
+
+ for (i = 0; i < num_procs; i++) {
+ error = pm_process_create(ker, pids[i], &proc);
+ if (error) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "warning: could not create process interface for %d\n", pids[i]);
+ rc = EXIT_FAILURE;
+ goto exit;
+ }
+
+ error = pm_process_maps(proc, &maps, &num_maps);
+ if (error) {
+ pm_process_destroy(proc);
+ fprintf(stderr, "warning: could not read process map for %d\n", pids[i]);
+ rc = EXIT_FAILURE;
+ goto exit;
+ }
+
+ if (read_pages(&kp, maps, num_maps, pr_flags) < 0) {
+ free(maps);
+ pm_process_destroy(proc);
+ rc = EXIT_FAILURE;
+ goto exit;
+ }
+
+ free(maps);
+ pm_process_destroy(proc);
+ }
+
+ if (pr_flags & PR_SORTED) {
+ qsort(kp.pages, kp.len, sizeof(*kp.pages), cmp_pages);
+ }
+ print_pages(&kp, pr_flags);
+
+exit:
+ free_pages(&kp, pr_flags);
+ free(pids);
+ return rc;
+}
+
+static int read_pages(struct ksm_pages *kp, pm_map_t **maps, size_t num_maps, uint8_t pr_flags) {
+ size_t i, j, k;
+ uint64_t *pagemap;
+ size_t map_len;
+ uint64_t flags;
+ pm_kernel_t *ker;
+ int error;
+ unsigned long vaddr;
+ int fd;
+ off_t off;
+ char filename[MAX_FILENAME];
+ uint32_t *data;
+ uint32_t hash;
+ int rc = 0;
+ struct ksm_page *cur_page;
+ pid_t pid;
+
+ if (num_maps == 0)
+ return 0;
+
+ pid = pm_process_pid(maps[0]->proc);
+ ker = maps[0]->proc->ker;
+ error = snprintf(filename, MAX_FILENAME, "/proc/%d/mem", pid);
+ if (error < 0 || error >= MAX_FILENAME) {
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ data = malloc(pm_kernel_pagesize(ker));
+ if (data == NULL) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "warning: not enough memory to malloc data buffer\n");
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
+ if (fd < 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "warning: could not open %s\n", filename);
+ rc = -1;
+ goto err_open;
+ }
+
+ for (i = 0; i < num_maps; i++) {
+ error = pm_map_pagemap(maps[i], &pagemap, &map_len);
+ if (error) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "warning: could not read the pagemap of %d\n",
+ pm_process_pid(maps[i]->proc));
+ continue;
+ }
+ for (j = 0; j < map_len; j++) {
+ error = pm_kernel_flags(ker, PM_PAGEMAP_PFN(pagemap[j]), &flags);
+ if (error) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "warning: could not read flags for pfn at address 0x%016" PRIx64 "\n",
+ pagemap[i]);
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (!(flags & PM_PAGE_KSM)) {
+ continue;
+ }
+ vaddr = pm_map_start(maps[i]) + j * pm_kernel_pagesize(ker);
+ off = lseek(fd, vaddr, SEEK_SET);
+ if (off == (off_t)-1) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "warning: could not lseek to 0x%08lx\n", vaddr);
+ continue;
+ }
+ ssize_t len = read(fd, data, pm_kernel_pagesize(ker));
+ if (len != pm_kernel_pagesize(ker)) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "warning: could not read page at 0x%08lx\n", vaddr);
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ hash = hashword(data, pm_kernel_pagesize(ker) / sizeof(*data), 17);
+
+ for (k = 0; k < kp->len; k++) {
+ if (kp->pages[k].hash == hash) break;
+ }
+
+ if (k == kp->len) {
+ if (kp->len == kp->size) {
+ struct ksm_page *tmp = realloc(kp->pages,
+ (kp->size + GROWTH_FACTOR) * sizeof(*kp->pages));
+ if (tmp == NULL) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "warning: not enough memory to realloc pages struct\n");
+ free(pagemap);
+ rc = -1;
+ goto err_realloc;
+ }
+ memset(&tmp[k], 0, sizeof(tmp[k]) * GROWTH_FACTOR);
+ kp->pages = tmp;
+ kp->size += GROWTH_FACTOR;
+ }
+ rc = pm_kernel_count(ker, PM_PAGEMAP_PFN(pagemap[j]), &kp->pages[kp->len].count);
+ if (rc) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "error reading page count\n");
+ free(pagemap);
+ goto err_count;
+ }
+ kp->pages[kp->len].hash = hash;
+ kp->pages[kp->len].pattern =
+ is_pattern((uint8_t *)data, pm_kernel_pagesize(ker)) ?
+ (data[0] & 0xFF) : NO_PATTERN;
+ kp->len++;
+ }
+
+ cur_page = &kp->pages[k];
+
+ if (pr_flags & PR_VERBOSE) {
+ if (cur_page->vaddr_len > 0 &&
+ cur_page->vaddr[cur_page->vaddr_len - 1].pid == pid &&
+ cur_page->vaddr[cur_page->vaddr_len - 1].addr ==
+ vaddr - (cur_page->vaddr[cur_page->vaddr_len - 1].num_pages *
+ pm_kernel_pagesize(ker))) {
+ cur_page->vaddr[cur_page->vaddr_len - 1].num_pages++;
+ } else {
+ if (cur_page->vaddr_len == cur_page->vaddr_size) {
+ struct vaddr *tmp = realloc(cur_page->vaddr,
+ (cur_page->vaddr_size + GROWTH_FACTOR) * sizeof(*(cur_page->vaddr)));
+ if (tmp == NULL) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "warning: not enough memory to realloc vaddr array\n");
+ free(pagemap);
+ rc = -1;
+ goto err_realloc;
+ }
+ memset(&tmp[cur_page->vaddr_len], 0, sizeof(tmp[cur_page->vaddr_len]) * GROWTH_FACTOR);
+ cur_page->vaddr = tmp;
+ cur_page->vaddr_size += GROWTH_FACTOR;
+ }
+ cur_page->vaddr[cur_page->vaddr_len].addr = vaddr;
+ cur_page->vaddr[cur_page->vaddr_len].num_pages = 1;
+ cur_page->vaddr[cur_page->vaddr_len].pid = pid;
+ cur_page->vaddr_len++;
+ }
+ }
+ cur_page->vaddr_count++;
+ }
+ free(pagemap);
+ }
+ goto no_err;
+
+err_realloc:
+err_count:
+ if (pr_flags & PR_VERBOSE) {
+ for (i = 0; i < kp->len; i++) {
+ free(kp->pages[i].vaddr);
+ }
+ }
+ free(kp->pages);
+
+no_err:
+ close(fd);
+err_open:
+ free(data);
+ return rc;
+}
+
+static void print_pages(struct ksm_pages *kp, uint8_t pr_flags) {
+ size_t i, j, k;
+ char suffix[13];
+ int index;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < kp->len; i++) {
+ if (kp->pages[i].pattern != NO_PATTERN) {
+ printf("0x%02x byte pattern: ", kp->pages[i].pattern);
+ } else {
+ printf("KSM CRC 0x%08x:", kp->pages[i].hash);
+ }
+ printf(" %4zu page", kp->pages[i].vaddr_count);
+ if (kp->pages[i].vaddr_count > 1) {
+ printf("s");
+ }
+ if (!(pr_flags & PR_ALL)) {
+ printf(" (%" PRIu64 " reference", kp->pages[i].count);
+ if (kp->pages[i].count > 1) {
+ printf("s");
+ }
+ printf(")");
+ }
+ printf("\n");
+
+ if (pr_flags & PR_VERBOSE) {
+ j = 0;
+ while (j < kp->pages[i].vaddr_len) {
+ printf(" ");
+ for (k = 0; k < 8 && j < kp->pages[i].vaddr_len; k++, j++) {
+ printf(" 0x%08lx", kp->pages[i].vaddr[j].addr);
+
+ index = snprintf(suffix, sizeof(suffix), ":%zu",
+ kp->pages[i].vaddr[j].num_pages);
+ if (pr_flags & PR_ALL) {
+ index += snprintf(suffix + index, sizeof(suffix) - index, "[%d]",
+ kp->pages[i].vaddr[j].pid);
+ }
+ printf("%-12s", suffix);
+ }
+ printf("\n");
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+static void free_pages(struct ksm_pages *kp, uint8_t pr_flags) {
+ size_t i;
+
+ if (pr_flags & PR_VERBOSE) {
+ for (i = 0; i < kp->len; i++) {
+ free(kp->pages[i].vaddr);
+ }
+ }
+ free(kp->pages);
+}
+
+static void usage(char *myname) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [-s | -v | -a | -h ] <pid>\n"
+ " -s Sort pages by usage count.\n"
+ " -v Verbose: print virtual addresses.\n"
+ " -a Display all the KSM pages in the system. Ignore the pid argument.\n"
+ " -h Display this help screen.\n",
+ myname);
+}
+
+static int cmp_pages(const void *a, const void *b) {
+ const struct ksm_page *pg_a = a;
+ const struct ksm_page *pg_b = b;
+ int cmp = pg_b->vaddr_count - pg_a->vaddr_count;
+
+ return cmp ? cmp : pg_b->count - pg_a->count;
+}
+
+static bool is_pattern(uint8_t *data, size_t len) {
+ size_t i;
+ uint8_t first_byte = data[0];
+
+ for (i = 1; i < len; i++) {
+ if (first_byte != data[i]) return false;
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get the process name for a given PID. Inserts the process name into buffer
+ * buf of length len. The size of the buffer must be greater than zero to get
+ * any useful output.
+ *
+ * Note that fgets(3) only declares length as an int, so our buffer size is
+ * also declared as an int.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success, a positive value on partial success, and -1 on
+ * failure. Other interesting values:
+ * 1 on failure to create string to examine proc cmdline entry
+ * 2 on failure to open proc cmdline entry
+ * 3 on failure to read proc cmdline entry
+ */
+static int getprocname(pid_t pid, char *buf, int len) {
+ char *filename;
+ FILE *f;
+ int rc = 0;
+ static const char* unknown_cmdline = "<unknown>";
+
+ if (len <= 0) {
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ if (asprintf(&filename, "/proc/%d/cmdline", (int)pid) < 0) {
+ rc = 1;
+ goto exit;
+ }
+
+ f = fopen(filename, "r");
+ if (f == NULL) {
+ rc = 2;
+ goto releasefilename;
+ }
+
+ if (fgets(buf, len, f) == NULL) {
+ rc = 3;
+ goto closefile;
+ }
+
+closefile:
+ (void) fclose(f);
+releasefilename:
+ free(filename);
+exit:
+ if (rc != 0) {
+ /*
+ * The process went away before we could read its process name. Try
+ * to give the user "<unknown>" here, but otherwise they get to look
+ * at a blank.
+ */
+ if (strlcpy(buf, unknown_cmdline, (size_t)len) >= (size_t)len) {
+ rc = 4;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return rc;
+}
+
diff --git a/ksmutils/lookup3.c b/ksmutils/lookup3.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8fcc325
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ksmutils/lookup3.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1002 @@
+/*
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+lookup3.c, by Bob Jenkins, May 2006, Public Domain.
+
+These are functions for producing 32-bit hashes for hash table lookup.
+hashword(), hashlittle(), hashlittle2(), hashbig(), mix(), and final()
+are externally useful functions. Routines to test the hash are included
+if SELF_TEST is defined. You can use this free for any purpose. It's in
+the public domain. It has no warranty.
+
+You probably want to use hashlittle(). hashlittle() and hashbig()
+hash byte arrays. hashlittle() is is faster than hashbig() on
+little-endian machines. Intel and AMD are little-endian machines.
+On second thought, you probably want hashlittle2(), which is identical to
+hashlittle() except it returns two 32-bit hashes for the price of one.
+You could implement hashbig2() if you wanted but I haven't bothered here.
+
+If you want to find a hash of, say, exactly 7 integers, do
+ a = i1; b = i2; c = i3;
+ mix(a,b,c);
+ a += i4; b += i5; c += i6;
+ mix(a,b,c);
+ a += i7;
+ final(a,b,c);
+then use c as the hash value. If you have a variable length array of
+4-byte integers to hash, use hashword(). If you have a byte array (like
+a character string), use hashlittle(). If you have several byte arrays, or
+a mix of things, see the comments above hashlittle().
+
+Why is this so big? I read 12 bytes at a time into 3 4-byte integers,
+then mix those integers. This is fast (you can do a lot more thorough
+mixing with 12*3 instructions on 3 integers than you can with 3 instructions
+on 1 byte), but shoehorning those bytes into integers efficiently is messy.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
+#define SELF_TEST 1
+#undef SELF_TEST
+
+#include <stdio.h> /* defines printf for tests */
+#include <time.h> /* defines time_t for timings in the test */
+#include <stdint.h> /* defines uint32_t etc */
+#include <sys/param.h> /* attempt to define endianness */
+#ifdef linux
+# include <endian.h> /* attempt to define endianness */
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * My best guess at if you are big-endian or little-endian. This may
+ * need adjustment.
+ */
+#if (defined(__BYTE_ORDER) && defined(__LITTLE_ENDIAN) && \
+ __BYTE_ORDER == __LITTLE_ENDIAN) || \
+ (defined(i386) || defined(__i386__) || defined(__i486__) || \
+ defined(__i586__) || defined(__i686__) || defined(vax) || defined(MIPSEL))
+# define HASH_LITTLE_ENDIAN 1
+# define HASH_BIG_ENDIAN 0
+#elif (defined(__BYTE_ORDER) && defined(__BIG_ENDIAN) && \
+ __BYTE_ORDER == __BIG_ENDIAN) || \
+ (defined(sparc) || defined(POWERPC) || defined(mc68000) || defined(sel))
+# define HASH_LITTLE_ENDIAN 0
+# define HASH_BIG_ENDIAN 1
+#else
+# define HASH_LITTLE_ENDIAN 0
+# define HASH_BIG_ENDIAN 0
+#endif
+
+#define hashsize(n) ((uint32_t)1<<(n))
+#define hashmask(n) (hashsize(n)-1)
+#define rot(x,k) (((x)<<(k)) | ((x)>>(32-(k))))
+
+/*
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+mix -- mix 3 32-bit values reversibly.
+
+This is reversible, so any information in (a,b,c) before mix() is
+still in (a,b,c) after mix().
+
+If four pairs of (a,b,c) inputs are run through mix(), or through
+mix() in reverse, there are at least 32 bits of the output that
+are sometimes the same for one pair and different for another pair.
+This was tested for:
+* pairs that differed by one bit, by two bits, in any combination
+ of top bits of (a,b,c), or in any combination of bottom bits of
+ (a,b,c).
+* "differ" is defined as +, -, ^, or ~^. For + and -, I transformed
+ the output delta to a Gray code (a^(a>>1)) so a string of 1's (as
+ is commonly produced by subtraction) look like a single 1-bit
+ difference.
+* the base values were pseudorandom, all zero but one bit set, or
+ all zero plus a counter that starts at zero.
+
+Some k values for my "a-=c; a^=rot(c,k); c+=b;" arrangement that
+satisfy this are
+ 4 6 8 16 19 4
+ 9 15 3 18 27 15
+ 14 9 3 7 17 3
+Well, "9 15 3 18 27 15" didn't quite get 32 bits diffing
+for "differ" defined as + with a one-bit base and a two-bit delta. I
+used http://burtleburtle.net/bob/hash/avalanche.html to choose
+the operations, constants, and arrangements of the variables.
+
+This does not achieve avalanche. There are input bits of (a,b,c)
+that fail to affect some output bits of (a,b,c), especially of a. The
+most thoroughly mixed value is c, but it doesn't really even achieve
+avalanche in c.
+
+This allows some parallelism. Read-after-writes are good at doubling
+the number of bits affected, so the goal of mixing pulls in the opposite
+direction as the goal of parallelism. I did what I could. Rotates
+seem to cost as much as shifts on every machine I could lay my hands
+on, and rotates are much kinder to the top and bottom bits, so I used
+rotates.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
+#define mix(a,b,c) \
+{ \
+ (a) -= (c); (a) ^= rot(c, 4); (c) += (b); \
+ (b) -= (a); (b) ^= rot(a, 6); (a) += (c); \
+ (c) -= (b); (c) ^= rot(b, 8); (b) += (a); \
+ (a) -= (c); (a) ^= rot(c,16); (c) += (b); \
+ (b) -= (a); (b) ^= rot(a,19); (a) += (c); \
+ (c) -= (b); (c) ^= rot(b, 4); (b) += (a); \
+}
+
+/*
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+final -- final mixing of 3 32-bit values (a,b,c) into c
+
+Pairs of (a,b,c) values differing in only a few bits will usually
+produce values of c that look totally different. This was tested for
+* pairs that differed by one bit, by two bits, in any combination
+ of top bits of (a,b,c), or in any combination of bottom bits of
+ (a,b,c).
+* "differ" is defined as +, -, ^, or ~^. For + and -, I transformed
+ the output delta to a Gray code (a^(a>>1)) so a string of 1's (as
+ is commonly produced by subtraction) look like a single 1-bit
+ difference.
+* the base values were pseudorandom, all zero but one bit set, or
+ all zero plus a counter that starts at zero.
+
+These constants passed:
+ 14 11 25 16 4 14 24
+ 12 14 25 16 4 14 24
+and these came close:
+ 4 8 15 26 3 22 24
+ 10 8 15 26 3 22 24
+ 11 8 15 26 3 22 24
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
+#define final(a,b,c) \
+{ \
+ (c) ^= (b); (c) -= rot(b,14); \
+ (a) ^= (c); (a) -= rot(c,11); \
+ (b) ^= (a); (b) -= rot(a,25); \
+ (c) ^= (b); (c) -= rot(b,16); \
+ (a) ^= (c); (a) -= rot(c,4); \
+ (b) ^= (a); (b) -= rot(a,14); \
+ (c) ^= (b); (c) -= rot(b,24); \
+}
+
+/*
+--------------------------------------------------------------------
+ This works on all machines. To be useful, it requires
+ -- that the key be an array of uint32_t's, and
+ -- that the length be the number of uint32_t's in the key
+
+ The function hashword() is identical to hashlittle() on little-endian
+ machines, and identical to hashbig() on big-endian machines,
+ except that the length has to be measured in uint32_ts rather than in
+ bytes. hashlittle() is more complicated than hashword() only because
+ hashlittle() has to dance around fitting the key bytes into registers.
+--------------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
+uint32_t hashword(
+const uint32_t *k, /* the key, an array of uint32_t values */
+size_t length, /* the length of the key, in uint32_ts */
+uint32_t initval) /* the previous hash, or an arbitrary value */
+{
+ uint32_t a,b,c;
+
+ /* Set up the internal state */
+ a = b = c = 0xdeadbeef + (((uint32_t)length)<<2) + initval;
+
+ /*------------------------------------------------- handle most of the key */
+ while (length > 3)
+ {
+ a += k[0];
+ b += k[1];
+ c += k[2];
+ mix(a,b,c);
+ length -= 3;
+ k += 3;
+ }
+
+ /*------------------------------------------- handle the last 3 uint32_t's */
+ switch(length) /* all the case statements fall through */
+ {
+ case 3 : c+=k[2];
+ case 2 : b+=k[1];
+ case 1 : a+=k[0];
+ final(a,b,c);
+ case 0: /* case 0: nothing left to add */
+ break;
+ }
+ /*------------------------------------------------------ report the result */
+ return c;
+}
+
+
+/*
+--------------------------------------------------------------------
+hashword2() -- same as hashword(), but take two seeds and return two
+32-bit values. pc and pb must both be nonnull, and *pc and *pb must
+both be initialized with seeds. If you pass in (*pb)==0, the output
+(*pc) will be the same as the return value from hashword().
+--------------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
+void hashword2 (
+const uint32_t *k, /* the key, an array of uint32_t values */
+size_t length, /* the length of the key, in uint32_ts */
+uint32_t *pc, /* IN: seed OUT: primary hash value */
+uint32_t *pb) /* IN: more seed OUT: secondary hash value */
+{
+ uint32_t a,b,c;
+
+ /* Set up the internal state */
+ a = b = c = 0xdeadbeef + ((uint32_t)(length<<2)) + *pc;
+ c += *pb;
+
+ /*------------------------------------------------- handle most of the key */
+ while (length > 3)
+ {
+ a += k[0];
+ b += k[1];
+ c += k[2];
+ mix(a,b,c);
+ length -= 3;
+ k += 3;
+ }
+
+ /*------------------------------------------- handle the last 3 uint32_t's */
+ switch(length) /* all the case statements fall through */
+ {
+ case 3 : c+=k[2];
+ case 2 : b+=k[1];
+ case 1 : a+=k[0];
+ final(a,b,c);
+ case 0: /* case 0: nothing left to add */
+ break;
+ }
+ /*------------------------------------------------------ report the result */
+ *pc=c; *pb=b;
+}
+
+
+/*
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+hashlittle() -- hash a variable-length key into a 32-bit value
+ k : the key (the unaligned variable-length array of bytes)
+ length : the length of the key, counting by bytes
+ initval : can be any 4-byte value
+Returns a 32-bit value. Every bit of the key affects every bit of
+the return value. Two keys differing by one or two bits will have
+totally different hash values.
+
+The best hash table sizes are powers of 2. There is no need to do
+mod a prime (mod is sooo slow!). If you need less than 32 bits,
+use a bitmask. For example, if you need only 10 bits, do
+ h = (h & hashmask(10));
+In which case, the hash table should have hashsize(10) elements.
+
+If you are hashing n strings (uint8_t **)k, do it like this:
+ for (i=0, h=0; i<n; ++i) h = hashlittle( k[i], len[i], h);
+
+By Bob Jenkins, 2006. bob_jenkins@burtleburtle.net. You may use this
+code any way you wish, private, educational, or commercial. It's free.
+
+Use for hash table lookup, or anything where one collision in 2^^32 is
+acceptable. Do NOT use for cryptographic purposes.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
+
+uint32_t hashlittle( const void *key, size_t length, uint32_t initval)
+{
+ uint32_t a,b,c; /* internal state */
+ union { const void *ptr; size_t i; } u; /* needed for Mac Powerbook G4 */
+
+ /* Set up the internal state */
+ a = b = c = 0xdeadbeef + ((uint32_t)length) + initval;
+
+ u.ptr = key;
+ if (HASH_LITTLE_ENDIAN && ((u.i & 0x3) == 0)) {
+ const uint32_t *k = (const uint32_t *)key; /* read 32-bit chunks */
+ const uint8_t *k8;
+
+ /*------ all but last block: aligned reads and affect 32 bits of (a,b,c) */
+ while (length > 12)
+ {
+ a += k[0];
+ b += k[1];
+ c += k[2];
+ mix(a,b,c);
+ length -= 12;
+ k += 3;
+ }
+
+ /*----------------------------- handle the last (probably partial) block */
+ /*
+ * "k[2]&0xffffff" actually reads beyond the end of the string, but
+ * then masks off the part it's not allowed to read. Because the
+ * string is aligned, the masked-off tail is in the same word as the
+ * rest of the string. Every machine with memory protection I've seen
+ * does it on word boundaries, so is OK with this. But VALGRIND will
+ * still catch it and complain. The masking trick does make the hash
+ * noticably faster for short strings (like English words).
+ */
+#ifndef VALGRIND
+
+ switch(length)
+ {
+ case 12: c+=k[2]; b+=k[1]; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 11: c+=k[2]&0xffffff; b+=k[1]; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 10: c+=k[2]&0xffff; b+=k[1]; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 9 : c+=k[2]&0xff; b+=k[1]; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 8 : b+=k[1]; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 7 : b+=k[1]&0xffffff; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 6 : b+=k[1]&0xffff; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 5 : b+=k[1]&0xff; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 4 : a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 3 : a+=k[0]&0xffffff; break;
+ case 2 : a+=k[0]&0xffff; break;
+ case 1 : a+=k[0]&0xff; break;
+ case 0 : return c; /* zero length strings require no mixing */
+ }
+
+#else /* make valgrind happy */
+
+ k8 = (const uint8_t *)k;
+ switch(length)
+ {
+ case 12: c+=k[2]; b+=k[1]; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 11: c+=((uint32_t)k8[10])<<16; /* fall through */
+ case 10: c+=((uint32_t)k8[9])<<8; /* fall through */
+ case 9 : c+=k8[8]; /* fall through */
+ case 8 : b+=k[1]; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 7 : b+=((uint32_t)k8[6])<<16; /* fall through */
+ case 6 : b+=((uint32_t)k8[5])<<8; /* fall through */
+ case 5 : b+=k8[4]; /* fall through */
+ case 4 : a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 3 : a+=((uint32_t)k8[2])<<16; /* fall through */
+ case 2 : a+=((uint32_t)k8[1])<<8; /* fall through */
+ case 1 : a+=k8[0]; break;
+ case 0 : return c;
+ }
+
+#endif /* !valgrind */
+
+ } else if (HASH_LITTLE_ENDIAN && ((u.i & 0x1) == 0)) {
+ const uint16_t *k = (const uint16_t *)key; /* read 16-bit chunks */
+ const uint8_t *k8;
+
+ /*--------------- all but last block: aligned reads and different mixing */
+ while (length > 12)
+ {
+ a += k[0] + (((uint32_t)k[1])<<16);
+ b += k[2] + (((uint32_t)k[3])<<16);
+ c += k[4] + (((uint32_t)k[5])<<16);
+ mix(a,b,c);
+ length -= 12;
+ k += 6;
+ }
+
+ /*----------------------------- handle the last (probably partial) block */
+ k8 = (const uint8_t *)k;
+ switch(length)
+ {
+ case 12: c+=k[4]+(((uint32_t)k[5])<<16);
+ b+=k[2]+(((uint32_t)k[3])<<16);
+ a+=k[0]+(((uint32_t)k[1])<<16);
+ break;
+ case 11: c+=((uint32_t)k8[10])<<16; /* fall through */
+ case 10: c+=k[4];
+ b+=k[2]+(((uint32_t)k[3])<<16);
+ a+=k[0]+(((uint32_t)k[1])<<16);
+ break;
+ case 9 : c+=k8[8]; /* fall through */
+ case 8 : b+=k[2]+(((uint32_t)k[3])<<16);
+ a+=k[0]+(((uint32_t)k[1])<<16);
+ break;
+ case 7 : b+=((uint32_t)k8[6])<<16; /* fall through */
+ case 6 : b+=k[2];
+ a+=k[0]+(((uint32_t)k[1])<<16);
+ break;
+ case 5 : b+=k8[4]; /* fall through */
+ case 4 : a+=k[0]+(((uint32_t)k[1])<<16);
+ break;
+ case 3 : a+=((uint32_t)k8[2])<<16; /* fall through */
+ case 2 : a+=k[0];
+ break;
+ case 1 : a+=k8[0];
+ break;
+ case 0 : return c; /* zero length requires no mixing */
+ }
+
+ } else { /* need to read the key one byte at a time */
+ const uint8_t *k = (const uint8_t *)key;
+
+ /*--------------- all but the last block: affect some 32 bits of (a,b,c) */
+ while (length > 12)
+ {
+ a += k[0];
+ a += ((uint32_t)k[1])<<8;
+ a += ((uint32_t)k[2])<<16;
+ a += ((uint32_t)k[3])<<24;
+ b += k[4];
+ b += ((uint32_t)k[5])<<8;
+ b += ((uint32_t)k[6])<<16;
+ b += ((uint32_t)k[7])<<24;
+ c += k[8];
+ c += ((uint32_t)k[9])<<8;
+ c += ((uint32_t)k[10])<<16;
+ c += ((uint32_t)k[11])<<24;
+ mix(a,b,c);
+ length -= 12;
+ k += 12;
+ }
+
+ /*-------------------------------- last block: affect all 32 bits of (c) */
+ switch(length) /* all the case statements fall through */
+ {
+ case 12: c+=((uint32_t)k[11])<<24;
+ case 11: c+=((uint32_t)k[10])<<16;
+ case 10: c+=((uint32_t)k[9])<<8;
+ case 9 : c+=k[8];
+ case 8 : b+=((uint32_t)k[7])<<24;
+ case 7 : b+=((uint32_t)k[6])<<16;
+ case 6 : b+=((uint32_t)k[5])<<8;
+ case 5 : b+=k[4];
+ case 4 : a+=((uint32_t)k[3])<<24;
+ case 3 : a+=((uint32_t)k[2])<<16;
+ case 2 : a+=((uint32_t)k[1])<<8;
+ case 1 : a+=k[0];
+ break;
+ case 0 : return c;
+ }
+ }
+
+ final(a,b,c);
+ return c;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * hashlittle2: return 2 32-bit hash values
+ *
+ * This is identical to hashlittle(), except it returns two 32-bit hash
+ * values instead of just one. This is good enough for hash table
+ * lookup with 2^^64 buckets, or if you want a second hash if you're not
+ * happy with the first, or if you want a probably-unique 64-bit ID for
+ * the key. *pc is better mixed than *pb, so use *pc first. If you want
+ * a 64-bit value do something like "*pc + (((uint64_t)*pb)<<32)".
+ */
+void hashlittle2(
+ const void *key, /* the key to hash */
+ size_t length, /* length of the key */
+ uint32_t *pc, /* IN: primary initval, OUT: primary hash */
+ uint32_t *pb) /* IN: secondary initval, OUT: secondary hash */
+{
+ uint32_t a,b,c; /* internal state */
+ union { const void *ptr; size_t i; } u; /* needed for Mac Powerbook G4 */
+
+ /* Set up the internal state */
+ a = b = c = 0xdeadbeef + ((uint32_t)length) + *pc;
+ c += *pb;
+
+ u.ptr = key;
+ if (HASH_LITTLE_ENDIAN && ((u.i & 0x3) == 0)) {
+ const uint32_t *k = (const uint32_t *)key; /* read 32-bit chunks */
+ const uint8_t *k8;
+
+ /*------ all but last block: aligned reads and affect 32 bits of (a,b,c) */
+ while (length > 12)
+ {
+ a += k[0];
+ b += k[1];
+ c += k[2];
+ mix(a,b,c);
+ length -= 12;
+ k += 3;
+ }
+
+ /*----------------------------- handle the last (probably partial) block */
+ /*
+ * "k[2]&0xffffff" actually reads beyond the end of the string, but
+ * then masks off the part it's not allowed to read. Because the
+ * string is aligned, the masked-off tail is in the same word as the
+ * rest of the string. Every machine with memory protection I've seen
+ * does it on word boundaries, so is OK with this. But VALGRIND will
+ * still catch it and complain. The masking trick does make the hash
+ * noticably faster for short strings (like English words).
+ */
+#ifndef VALGRIND
+
+ switch(length)
+ {
+ case 12: c+=k[2]; b+=k[1]; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 11: c+=k[2]&0xffffff; b+=k[1]; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 10: c+=k[2]&0xffff; b+=k[1]; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 9 : c+=k[2]&0xff; b+=k[1]; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 8 : b+=k[1]; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 7 : b+=k[1]&0xffffff; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 6 : b+=k[1]&0xffff; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 5 : b+=k[1]&0xff; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 4 : a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 3 : a+=k[0]&0xffffff; break;
+ case 2 : a+=k[0]&0xffff; break;
+ case 1 : a+=k[0]&0xff; break;
+ case 0 : *pc=c; *pb=b; return; /* zero length strings require no mixing */
+ }
+
+#else /* make valgrind happy */
+
+ k8 = (const uint8_t *)k;
+ switch(length)
+ {
+ case 12: c+=k[2]; b+=k[1]; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 11: c+=((uint32_t)k8[10])<<16; /* fall through */
+ case 10: c+=((uint32_t)k8[9])<<8; /* fall through */
+ case 9 : c+=k8[8]; /* fall through */
+ case 8 : b+=k[1]; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 7 : b+=((uint32_t)k8[6])<<16; /* fall through */
+ case 6 : b+=((uint32_t)k8[5])<<8; /* fall through */
+ case 5 : b+=k8[4]; /* fall through */
+ case 4 : a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 3 : a+=((uint32_t)k8[2])<<16; /* fall through */
+ case 2 : a+=((uint32_t)k8[1])<<8; /* fall through */
+ case 1 : a+=k8[0]; break;
+ case 0 : *pc=c; *pb=b; return; /* zero length strings require no mixing */
+ }
+
+#endif /* !valgrind */
+
+ } else if (HASH_LITTLE_ENDIAN && ((u.i & 0x1) == 0)) {
+ const uint16_t *k = (const uint16_t *)key; /* read 16-bit chunks */
+ const uint8_t *k8;
+
+ /*--------------- all but last block: aligned reads and different mixing */
+ while (length > 12)
+ {
+ a += k[0] + (((uint32_t)k[1])<<16);
+ b += k[2] + (((uint32_t)k[3])<<16);
+ c += k[4] + (((uint32_t)k[5])<<16);
+ mix(a,b,c);
+ length -= 12;
+ k += 6;
+ }
+
+ /*----------------------------- handle the last (probably partial) block */
+ k8 = (const uint8_t *)k;
+ switch(length)
+ {
+ case 12: c+=k[4]+(((uint32_t)k[5])<<16);
+ b+=k[2]+(((uint32_t)k[3])<<16);
+ a+=k[0]+(((uint32_t)k[1])<<16);
+ break;
+ case 11: c+=((uint32_t)k8[10])<<16; /* fall through */
+ case 10: c+=k[4];
+ b+=k[2]+(((uint32_t)k[3])<<16);
+ a+=k[0]+(((uint32_t)k[1])<<16);
+ break;
+ case 9 : c+=k8[8]; /* fall through */
+ case 8 : b+=k[2]+(((uint32_t)k[3])<<16);
+ a+=k[0]+(((uint32_t)k[1])<<16);
+ break;
+ case 7 : b+=((uint32_t)k8[6])<<16; /* fall through */
+ case 6 : b+=k[2];
+ a+=k[0]+(((uint32_t)k[1])<<16);
+ break;
+ case 5 : b+=k8[4]; /* fall through */
+ case 4 : a+=k[0]+(((uint32_t)k[1])<<16);
+ break;
+ case 3 : a+=((uint32_t)k8[2])<<16; /* fall through */
+ case 2 : a+=k[0];
+ break;
+ case 1 : a+=k8[0];
+ break;
+ case 0 : *pc=c; *pb=b; return; /* zero length strings require no mixing */
+ }
+
+ } else { /* need to read the key one byte at a time */
+ const uint8_t *k = (const uint8_t *)key;
+
+ /*--------------- all but the last block: affect some 32 bits of (a,b,c) */
+ while (length > 12)
+ {
+ a += k[0];
+ a += ((uint32_t)k[1])<<8;
+ a += ((uint32_t)k[2])<<16;
+ a += ((uint32_t)k[3])<<24;
+ b += k[4];
+ b += ((uint32_t)k[5])<<8;
+ b += ((uint32_t)k[6])<<16;
+ b += ((uint32_t)k[7])<<24;
+ c += k[8];
+ c += ((uint32_t)k[9])<<8;
+ c += ((uint32_t)k[10])<<16;
+ c += ((uint32_t)k[11])<<24;
+ mix(a,b,c);
+ length -= 12;
+ k += 12;
+ }
+
+ /*-------------------------------- last block: affect all 32 bits of (c) */
+ switch(length) /* all the case statements fall through */
+ {
+ case 12: c+=((uint32_t)k[11])<<24;
+ case 11: c+=((uint32_t)k[10])<<16;
+ case 10: c+=((uint32_t)k[9])<<8;
+ case 9 : c+=k[8];
+ case 8 : b+=((uint32_t)k[7])<<24;
+ case 7 : b+=((uint32_t)k[6])<<16;
+ case 6 : b+=((uint32_t)k[5])<<8;
+ case 5 : b+=k[4];
+ case 4 : a+=((uint32_t)k[3])<<24;
+ case 3 : a+=((uint32_t)k[2])<<16;
+ case 2 : a+=((uint32_t)k[1])<<8;
+ case 1 : a+=k[0];
+ break;
+ case 0 : *pc=c; *pb=b; return; /* zero length strings require no mixing */
+ }
+ }
+
+ final(a,b,c);
+ *pc=c; *pb=b;
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+ * hashbig():
+ * This is the same as hashword() on big-endian machines. It is different
+ * from hashlittle() on all machines. hashbig() takes advantage of
+ * big-endian byte ordering.
+ */
+uint32_t hashbig( const void *key, size_t length, uint32_t initval)
+{
+ uint32_t a,b,c;
+ union { const void *ptr; size_t i; } u; /* to cast key to (size_t) happily */
+
+ /* Set up the internal state */
+ a = b = c = 0xdeadbeef + ((uint32_t)length) + initval;
+
+ u.ptr = key;
+ if (HASH_BIG_ENDIAN && ((u.i & 0x3) == 0)) {
+ const uint32_t *k = (const uint32_t *)key; /* read 32-bit chunks */
+ const uint8_t *k8;
+
+ /*------ all but last block: aligned reads and affect 32 bits of (a,b,c) */
+ while (length > 12)
+ {
+ a += k[0];
+ b += k[1];
+ c += k[2];
+ mix(a,b,c);
+ length -= 12;
+ k += 3;
+ }
+
+ /*----------------------------- handle the last (probably partial) block */
+ /*
+ * "k[2]<<8" actually reads beyond the end of the string, but
+ * then shifts out the part it's not allowed to read. Because the
+ * string is aligned, the illegal read is in the same word as the
+ * rest of the string. Every machine with memory protection I've seen
+ * does it on word boundaries, so is OK with this. But VALGRIND will
+ * still catch it and complain. The masking trick does make the hash
+ * noticably faster for short strings (like English words).
+ */
+#ifndef VALGRIND
+
+ switch(length)
+ {
+ case 12: c+=k[2]; b+=k[1]; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 11: c+=k[2]&0xffffff00; b+=k[1]; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 10: c+=k[2]&0xffff0000; b+=k[1]; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 9 : c+=k[2]&0xff000000; b+=k[1]; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 8 : b+=k[1]; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 7 : b+=k[1]&0xffffff00; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 6 : b+=k[1]&0xffff0000; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 5 : b+=k[1]&0xff000000; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 4 : a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 3 : a+=k[0]&0xffffff00; break;
+ case 2 : a+=k[0]&0xffff0000; break;
+ case 1 : a+=k[0]&0xff000000; break;
+ case 0 : return c; /* zero length strings require no mixing */
+ }
+
+#else /* make valgrind happy */
+
+ k8 = (const uint8_t *)k;
+ switch(length) /* all the case statements fall through */
+ {
+ case 12: c+=k[2]; b+=k[1]; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 11: c+=((uint32_t)k8[10])<<8; /* fall through */
+ case 10: c+=((uint32_t)k8[9])<<16; /* fall through */
+ case 9 : c+=((uint32_t)k8[8])<<24; /* fall through */
+ case 8 : b+=k[1]; a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 7 : b+=((uint32_t)k8[6])<<8; /* fall through */
+ case 6 : b+=((uint32_t)k8[5])<<16; /* fall through */
+ case 5 : b+=((uint32_t)k8[4])<<24; /* fall through */
+ case 4 : a+=k[0]; break;
+ case 3 : a+=((uint32_t)k8[2])<<8; /* fall through */
+ case 2 : a+=((uint32_t)k8[1])<<16; /* fall through */
+ case 1 : a+=((uint32_t)k8[0])<<24; break;
+ case 0 : return c;
+ }
+
+#endif /* !VALGRIND */
+
+ } else { /* need to read the key one byte at a time */
+ const uint8_t *k = (const uint8_t *)key;
+
+ /*--------------- all but the last block: affect some 32 bits of (a,b,c) */
+ while (length > 12)
+ {
+ a += ((uint32_t)k[0])<<24;
+ a += ((uint32_t)k[1])<<16;
+ a += ((uint32_t)k[2])<<8;
+ a += ((uint32_t)k[3]);
+ b += ((uint32_t)k[4])<<24;
+ b += ((uint32_t)k[5])<<16;
+ b += ((uint32_t)k[6])<<8;
+ b += ((uint32_t)k[7]);
+ c += ((uint32_t)k[8])<<24;
+ c += ((uint32_t)k[9])<<16;
+ c += ((uint32_t)k[10])<<8;
+ c += ((uint32_t)k[11]);
+ mix(a,b,c);
+ length -= 12;
+ k += 12;
+ }
+
+ /*-------------------------------- last block: affect all 32 bits of (c) */
+ switch(length) /* all the case statements fall through */
+ {
+ case 12: c+=k[11];
+ case 11: c+=((uint32_t)k[10])<<8;
+ case 10: c+=((uint32_t)k[9])<<16;
+ case 9 : c+=((uint32_t)k[8])<<24;
+ case 8 : b+=k[7];
+ case 7 : b+=((uint32_t)k[6])<<8;
+ case 6 : b+=((uint32_t)k[5])<<16;
+ case 5 : b+=((uint32_t)k[4])<<24;
+ case 4 : a+=k[3];
+ case 3 : a+=((uint32_t)k[2])<<8;
+ case 2 : a+=((uint32_t)k[1])<<16;
+ case 1 : a+=((uint32_t)k[0])<<24;
+ break;
+ case 0 : return c;
+ }
+ }
+
+ final(a,b,c);
+ return c;
+}
+
+
+#ifdef SELF_TEST
+
+/* used for timings */
+void driver1()
+{
+ uint8_t buf[256];
+ uint32_t i;
+ uint32_t h=0;
+ time_t a,z;
+
+ time(&a);
+ for (i=0; i<256; ++i) buf[i] = 'x';
+ for (i=0; i<1; ++i)
+ {
+ h = hashlittle(&buf[0],1,h);
+ }
+ time(&z);
+ if (z-a > 0) printf("time %d %.8x\n", z-a, h);
+}
+
+/* check that every input bit changes every output bit half the time */
+#define HASHSTATE 1
+#define HASHLEN 1
+#define MAXPAIR 60
+#define MAXLEN 70
+void driver2()
+{
+ uint8_t qa[MAXLEN+1], qb[MAXLEN+2], *a = &qa[0], *b = &qb[1];
+ uint32_t c[HASHSTATE], d[HASHSTATE], i=0, j=0, k, l, m=0, z;
+ uint32_t e[HASHSTATE],f[HASHSTATE],g[HASHSTATE],h[HASHSTATE];
+ uint32_t x[HASHSTATE],y[HASHSTATE];
+ uint32_t hlen;
+
+ printf("No more than %d trials should ever be needed \n",MAXPAIR/2);
+ for (hlen=0; hlen < MAXLEN; ++hlen)
+ {
+ z=0;
+ for (i=0; i<hlen; ++i) /*----------------------- for each input byte, */
+ {
+ for (j=0; j<8; ++j) /*------------------------ for each input bit, */
+ {
+ for (m=1; m<8; ++m) /*------------ for serveral possible initvals, */
+ {
+ for (l=0; l<HASHSTATE; ++l)
+ e[l]=f[l]=g[l]=h[l]=x[l]=y[l]=~((uint32_t)0);
+
+ /*---- check that every output bit is affected by that input bit */
+ for (k=0; k<MAXPAIR; k+=2)
+ {
+ uint32_t finished=1;
+ /* keys have one bit different */
+ for (l=0; l<hlen+1; ++l) {a[l] = b[l] = (uint8_t)0;}
+ /* have a and b be two keys differing in only one bit */
+ a[i] ^= (k<<j);
+ a[i] ^= (k>>(8-j));
+ c[0] = hashlittle(a, hlen, m);
+ b[i] ^= ((k+1)<<j);
+ b[i] ^= ((k+1)>>(8-j));
+ d[0] = hashlittle(b, hlen, m);
+ /* check every bit is 1, 0, set, and not set at least once */
+ for (l=0; l<HASHSTATE; ++l)
+ {
+ e[l] &= (c[l]^d[l]);
+ f[l] &= ~(c[l]^d[l]);
+ g[l] &= c[l];
+ h[l] &= ~c[l];
+ x[l] &= d[l];
+ y[l] &= ~d[l];
+ if (e[l]|f[l]|g[l]|h[l]|x[l]|y[l]) finished=0;
+ }
+ if (finished) break;
+ }
+ if (k>z) z=k;
+ if (k==MAXPAIR)
+ {
+ printf("Some bit didn't change: ");
+ printf("%.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x ",
+ e[0],f[0],g[0],h[0],x[0],y[0]);
+ printf("i %d j %d m %d len %d\n", i, j, m, hlen);
+ }
+ if (z==MAXPAIR) goto done;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ done:
+ if (z < MAXPAIR)
+ {
+ printf("Mix success %2d bytes %2d initvals ",i,m);
+ printf("required %d trials\n", z/2);
+ }
+ }
+ printf("\n");
+}
+
+/* Check for reading beyond the end of the buffer and alignment problems */
+void driver3()
+{
+ uint8_t buf[MAXLEN+20], *b;
+ uint32_t len;
+ uint8_t q[] = "This is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country...";
+ uint32_t h;
+ uint8_t qq[] = "xThis is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country...";
+ uint32_t i;
+ uint8_t qqq[] = "xxThis is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country...";
+ uint32_t j;
+ uint8_t qqqq[] = "xxxThis is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country...";
+ uint32_t ref,x,y;
+ uint8_t *p;
+
+ printf("Endianness. These lines should all be the same (for values filled in):\n");
+ printf("%.8x %.8x %.8x\n",
+ hashword((const uint32_t *)q, (sizeof(q)-1)/4, 13),
+ hashword((const uint32_t *)q, (sizeof(q)-5)/4, 13),
+ hashword((const uint32_t *)q, (sizeof(q)-9)/4, 13));
+ p = q;
+ printf("%.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x\n",
+ hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-1, 13), hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-2, 13),
+ hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-3, 13), hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-4, 13),
+ hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-5, 13), hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-6, 13),
+ hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-7, 13), hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-8, 13),
+ hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-9, 13), hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-10, 13),
+ hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-11, 13), hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-12, 13));
+ p = &qq[1];
+ printf("%.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x\n",
+ hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-1, 13), hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-2, 13),
+ hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-3, 13), hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-4, 13),
+ hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-5, 13), hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-6, 13),
+ hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-7, 13), hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-8, 13),
+ hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-9, 13), hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-10, 13),
+ hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-11, 13), hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-12, 13));
+ p = &qqq[2];
+ printf("%.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x\n",
+ hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-1, 13), hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-2, 13),
+ hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-3, 13), hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-4, 13),
+ hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-5, 13), hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-6, 13),
+ hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-7, 13), hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-8, 13),
+ hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-9, 13), hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-10, 13),
+ hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-11, 13), hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-12, 13));
+ p = &qqqq[3];
+ printf("%.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x %.8x\n",
+ hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-1, 13), hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-2, 13),
+ hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-3, 13), hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-4, 13),
+ hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-5, 13), hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-6, 13),
+ hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-7, 13), hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-8, 13),
+ hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-9, 13), hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-10, 13),
+ hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-11, 13), hashlittle(p, sizeof(q)-12, 13));
+ printf("\n");
+
+ /* check that hashlittle2 and hashlittle produce the same results */
+ i=47; j=0;
+ hashlittle2(q, sizeof(q), &i, &j);
+ if (hashlittle(q, sizeof(q), 47) != i)
+ printf("hashlittle2 and hashlittle mismatch\n");
+
+ /* check that hashword2 and hashword produce the same results */
+ len = 0xdeadbeef;
+ i=47, j=0;
+ hashword2(&len, 1, &i, &j);
+ if (hashword(&len, 1, 47) != i)
+ printf("hashword2 and hashword mismatch %x %x\n",
+ i, hashword(&len, 1, 47));
+
+ /* check hashlittle doesn't read before or after the ends of the string */
+ for (h=0, b=buf+1; h<8; ++h, ++b)
+ {
+ for (i=0; i<MAXLEN; ++i)
+ {
+ len = i;
+ for (j=0; j<i; ++j) *(b+j)=0;
+
+ /* these should all be equal */
+ ref = hashlittle(b, len, (uint32_t)1);
+ *(b+i)=(uint8_t)~0;
+ *(b-1)=(uint8_t)~0;
+ x = hashlittle(b, len, (uint32_t)1);
+ y = hashlittle(b, len, (uint32_t)1);
+ if ((ref != x) || (ref != y))
+ {
+ printf("alignment error: %.8x %.8x %.8x %d %d\n",ref,x,y,
+ h, i);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+/* check for problems with nulls */
+ void driver4()
+{
+ uint8_t buf[1];
+ uint32_t h,i,state[HASHSTATE];
+
+
+ buf[0] = ~0;
+ for (i=0; i<HASHSTATE; ++i) state[i] = 1;
+ printf("These should all be different\n");
+ for (i=0, h=0; i<8; ++i)
+ {
+ h = hashlittle(buf, 0, h);
+ printf("%2ld 0-byte strings, hash is %.8x\n", i, h);
+ }
+}
+
+void driver5()
+{
+ uint32_t b,c;
+ b=0, c=0, hashlittle2("", 0, &c, &b);
+ printf("hash is %.8lx %.8lx\n", c, b); /* deadbeef deadbeef */
+ b=0xdeadbeef, c=0, hashlittle2("", 0, &c, &b);
+ printf("hash is %.8lx %.8lx\n", c, b); /* bd5b7dde deadbeef */
+ b=0xdeadbeef, c=0xdeadbeef, hashlittle2("", 0, &c, &b);
+ printf("hash is %.8lx %.8lx\n", c, b); /* 9c093ccd bd5b7dde */
+ b=0, c=0, hashlittle2("Four score and seven years ago", 30, &c, &b);
+ printf("hash is %.8lx %.8lx\n", c, b); /* 17770551 ce7226e6 */
+ b=1, c=0, hashlittle2("Four score and seven years ago", 30, &c, &b);
+ printf("hash is %.8lx %.8lx\n", c, b); /* e3607cae bd371de4 */
+ b=0, c=1, hashlittle2("Four score and seven years ago", 30, &c, &b);
+ printf("hash is %.8lx %.8lx\n", c, b); /* cd628161 6cbea4b3 */
+ c = hashlittle("Four score and seven years ago", 30, 0);
+ printf("hash is %.8lx\n", c); /* 17770551 */
+ c = hashlittle("Four score and seven years ago", 30, 1);
+ printf("hash is %.8lx\n", c); /* cd628161 */
+}
+
+
+int main()
+{
+ driver1(); /* test that the key is hashed: used for timings */
+ driver2(); /* test that whole key is hashed thoroughly */
+ driver3(); /* test that nothing but the key is hashed */
+ driver4(); /* test hashing multiple buffers (all buffers are null) */
+ driver5(); /* test the hash against known vectors */
+ return 1;
+}
+
+#endif /* SELF_TEST */
