blob: 4004cfeb72fc4305ce9501360e65850db5ba94e5 [file] [log] [blame]
diff -Naur kobs-ng-1.3.org/src/bch.c kobs-ng-1.3.new/src/bch.c
--- kobs-ng-1.3.org/src/bch.c 1969-12-31 16:00:00.000000000 -0800
+++ kobs-ng-1.3.new/src/bch.c 2014-10-24 20:35:24.344372832 -0700
@@ -0,0 +1,1545 @@
+/*
+* Copyright (C) 2010-2014 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+*/
+
+/*
+* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+* (at your option) any later version.
+*
+* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+* GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+* with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+* 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+*/
+/*
+ * Generic binary BCH encoding/decoding library
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+ * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
+ * Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Copyright © 2011 Parrot S.A.
+ *
+ * Author: Ivan Djelic <ivan.djelic@parrot.com>
+ *
+ * Description:
+ *
+ * This library provides runtime configurable encoding/decoding of binary
+ * Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) codes.
+ *
+ * Call init_bch to get a pointer to a newly allocated bch_control structure for
+ * the given m (Galois field order), t (error correction capability) and
+ * (optional) primitive polynomial parameters.
+ *
+ * Call encode_bch to compute and store ecc parity bytes to a given buffer.
+ * Call decode_bch to detect and locate errors in received data.
+ *
+ * On systems supporting hw BCH features, intermediate results may be provided
+ * to decode_bch in order to skip certain steps. See decode_bch() documentation
+ * for details.
+ *
+ * Option CONFIG_BCH_CONST_PARAMS can be used to force fixed values of
+ * parameters m and t; thus allowing extra compiler optimizations and providing
+ * better (up to 2x) encoding performance. Using this option makes sense when
+ * (m,t) are fixed and known in advance, e.g. when using BCH error correction
+ * on a particular NAND flash device.
+ *
+ * Algorithmic details:
+ *
+ * Encoding is performed by processing 32 input bits in parallel, using 4
+ * remainder lookup tables.
+ *
+ * The final stage of decoding involves the following internal steps:
+ * a. Syndrome computation
+ * b. Error locator polynomial computation using Berlekamp-Massey algorithm
+ * c. Error locator root finding (by far the most expensive step)
+ *
+ * In this implementation, step c is not performed using the usual Chien search.
+ * Instead, an alternative approach described in [1] is used. It consists in
+ * factoring the error locator polynomial using the Berlekamp Trace algorithm
+ * (BTA) down to a certain degree (4), after which ad hoc low-degree polynomial
+ * solving techniques [2] are used. The resulting algorithm, called BTZ, yields
+ * much better performance than Chien search for usual (m,t) values (typically
+ * m >= 13, t < 32, see [1]).
+ *
+ * [1] B. Biswas, V. Herbert. Efficient root finding of polynomials over fields
+ * of characteristic 2, in: Western European Workshop on Research in Cryptology
+ * - WEWoRC 2009, Graz, Austria, LNCS, Springer, July 2009, to appear.
+ * [2] [Zin96] V.A. Zinoviev. On the solution of equations of degree 10 over
+ * finite fields GF(2^q). In Rapport de recherche INRIA no 2829, 1996.
+ */
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "bch.h"
+#include "rand.h"
+
+#if defined(CONFIG_BCH_CONST_PARAMS)
+#define GF_M(_p) (CONFIG_BCH_CONST_M)
+#define GF_T(_p) (CONFIG_BCH_CONST_T)
+#define GF_N(_p) ((1 << (CONFIG_BCH_CONST_M))-1)
+#else
+#define GF_M(_p) ((_p)->m)
+#define GF_T(_p) ((_p)->t)
+#define GF_N(_p) ((_p)->n)
+#endif
+
+#define DIV_ROUND_UP(n,d) (((n) + (d) - 1) / (d))
+#define ARRAY_SIZE(_A) (sizeof(_A) / sizeof((_A)[0]))
+#define BCH_ECC_WORDS(_p) DIV_ROUND_UP(GF_M(_p)*GF_T(_p), 32)
+#define BCH_ECC_BYTES(_p) DIV_ROUND_UP(GF_M(_p)*GF_T(_p), 8)
+
+#define METADATABYTE 32 /* metadata size in byte */
+#define BLOCK0BYTE 128 /* block0 size in byte */
+#define BLOCK0ECC 62 /* block0 ecc level */
+#define BLOCKNBYTE 128 /* blockn size in byte */
+#define BLOCKNECC 62 /* blockn ecc level */
+#define NUMOFBLOCKN 7 /* number of blockn */
+#define FCB_GF 13 /* Galois Field for FCB */
+
+
+/*
+ * represent a polynomial over GF(2^m)
+ */
+struct gf_poly {
+ unsigned int deg; /* polynomial degree */
+ unsigned int c[0]; /* polynomial terms */
+};
+
+/* given its degree, compute a polynomial size in bytes */
+#define GF_POLY_SZ(_d) (sizeof(struct gf_poly)+((_d)+1)*sizeof(unsigned int))
+
+/* polynomial of degree 1 */
+struct gf_poly_deg1 {
+ struct gf_poly poly;
+ unsigned int c[2];
+};
+
+/*
+ * same as encode_bch(), but process input data one byte at a time
+ */
+static void encode_bch_unaligned(struct bch_control *bch,
+ const unsigned char *data, unsigned int len,
+ uint32_t *ecc)
+{
+ int i;
+ const uint32_t *p;
+ const int l = BCH_ECC_WORDS(bch)-1;
+
+ printf("!!!!WARNNING, source data is not align\n");
+ while (len--) {
+ p = bch->mod8_tab + (l+1)*(((ecc[0] >> 24)^(*data++)) & 0xff);
+
+ for (i = 0; i < l; i++)
+ ecc[i] = ((ecc[i] << 8)|(ecc[i+1] >> 24))^(*p++);
+
+ ecc[l] = (ecc[l] << 8)^(*p);
+ }
+}
+
+/*
+ * convert ecc bytes to aligned, zero-padded 32-bit ecc words
+ */
+static void load_ecc8(struct bch_control *bch, uint32_t *dst,
+ const uint8_t *src)
+{
+ uint8_t pad[4] = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+ unsigned int i, nwords = BCH_ECC_WORDS(bch)-1;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < nwords; i++, src += 4)
+ dst[i] = (src[0] << 24)|(src[1] << 16)|(src[2] << 8)|src[3];
+
+ memcpy(pad, src, BCH_ECC_BYTES(bch)-4*nwords);
+ dst[nwords] = (pad[0] << 24)|(pad[1] << 16)|(pad[2] << 8)|pad[3];
+}
+
+/*
+ * convert 32-bit ecc words to ecc bytes
+ */
+static void store_ecc8(struct bch_control *bch, uint8_t *dst,
+ const uint32_t *src)
+{
+ uint8_t pad[4];
+ unsigned int i, nwords = BCH_ECC_WORDS(bch)-1;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < nwords; i++) {
+ *dst++ = (src[i] >> 24);
+ *dst++ = (src[i] >> 16) & 0xff;
+ *dst++ = (src[i] >> 8) & 0xff;
+ *dst++ = (src[i] >> 0) & 0xff;
+ }
+ pad[0] = (src[nwords] >> 24);
+ pad[1] = (src[nwords] >> 16) & 0xff;
+ pad[2] = (src[nwords] >> 8) & 0xff;
+ pad[3] = (src[nwords] >> 0) & 0xff;
+ memcpy(dst, pad, BCH_ECC_BYTES(bch)-4*nwords);
+}
+
+/*
+ * reverse bit for byte
+ */
+static uint8_t reverse_bit(uint8_t in_byte)
+{
+ int i;
+ uint8_t out_byte = 0;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
+ if (in_byte & ((0x80) >> i)) {
+ out_byte |= 1 << i;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return out_byte;
+}
+
+ /*
+ * swap 32-bit data, including bit reverse and swap to big endian
+ */
+static uint32_t swap_data(uint32_t data)
+{
+ uint32_t r = 0;
+
+ r = reverse_bit(data & 0xFF) << 24;
+ r |= reverse_bit((data >> 8) & 0xFF) << 16;
+ r |= reverse_bit((data >> 16) & 0xFF) << 8;
+ r |= reverse_bit((data >> 24) & 0xFF);
+
+ return r;
+}
+
+/**
+ * encode_bch - calculate BCH ecc parity of data
+ * @bch: BCH control structure
+ * @data: data to encode
+ * @len: data length in bytes
+ * @ecc: ecc parity data, must be initialized by caller
+ *
+ * The @ecc parity array is used both as input and output parameter, in order to
+ * allow incremental computations. It should be of the size indicated by member
+ * @ecc_bytes of @bch, and should be initialized to 0 before the first call.
+ *
+ * The exact number of computed ecc parity bits is given by member @ecc_bits of
+ * @bch; it may be less than m*t for large values of t.
+ */
+void encode_bch(struct bch_control *bch, const uint8_t *data,
+ unsigned int len, uint8_t *ecc)
+{
+ const unsigned int l = BCH_ECC_WORDS(bch)-1;
+ unsigned int i, mlen;
+ unsigned long m;
+ uint32_t w, r[l+1];
+ const uint32_t * const tab0 = bch->mod8_tab;
+ const uint32_t * const tab1 = tab0 + 256*(l+1);
+ const uint32_t * const tab2 = tab1 + 256*(l+1);
+ const uint32_t * const tab3 = tab2 + 256*(l+1);
+ const uint32_t *pdata, *p0, *p1, *p2, *p3;
+
+ if (ecc) {
+ /* load ecc parity bytes into internal 32-bit buffer */
+ load_ecc8(bch, bch->ecc_buf, ecc);
+ } else {
+ memset(bch->ecc_buf, 0, sizeof(r));
+ }
+
+ /* process first unaligned data bytes */
+ m = ((unsigned long)data) & 3;
+ if (m) {
+ mlen = (len < (4-m)) ? len : 4-m;
+ encode_bch_unaligned(bch, data, mlen, bch->ecc_buf);
+ data += mlen;
+ len -= mlen;
+ }
+
+ /* process 32-bit aligned data words */
+ pdata = (uint32_t *)data;
+ mlen = len/4;
+ data += 4*mlen;
+ len -= 4*mlen;
+ memcpy(r, bch->ecc_buf, sizeof(r));
+
+ /*
+ * split each 32-bit word into 4 polynomials of weight 8 as follows:
+ *
+ * 31 ...24 23 ...16 15 ... 8 7 ... 0
+ * xxxxxxxx yyyyyyyy zzzzzzzz tttttttt
+ * tttttttt mod g = r0 (precomputed)
+ * zzzzzzzz 00000000 mod g = r1 (precomputed)
+ * yyyyyyyy 00000000 00000000 mod g = r2 (precomputed)
+ * xxxxxxxx 00000000 00000000 00000000 mod g = r3 (precomputed)
+ * xxxxxxxx yyyyyyyy zzzzzzzz tttttttt mod g = r0^r1^r2^r3
+ */
+ while (mlen--) {
+ /* input data is read in big-endian format */
+ /*TODO: big little endian*/
+ /*w = r[0]^cpu_to_be32(*pdata++);*/
+ /*w = r[0]^(uint32_t)(*pdata++);*/
+ w = r[0]^swap_data(*pdata++);
+ p0 = tab0 + (l+1)*((w >> 0) & 0xff);
+ p1 = tab1 + (l+1)*((w >> 8) & 0xff);
+ p2 = tab2 + (l+1)*((w >> 16) & 0xff);
+ p3 = tab3 + (l+1)*((w >> 24) & 0xff);
+
+ for (i = 0; i < l; i++)
+ r[i] = r[i+1]^p0[i]^p1[i]^p2[i]^p3[i];
+
+ r[l] = p0[l]^p1[l]^p2[l]^p3[l];
+ }
+ memcpy(bch->ecc_buf, r, sizeof(r));
+
+ /* process last unaligned bytes */
+ if (len)
+ encode_bch_unaligned(bch, data, len, bch->ecc_buf);
+
+ /* store ecc parity bytes into original parity buffer */
+ if (ecc)
+ store_ecc8(bch, ecc, bch->ecc_buf);
+}
+
+static inline int modulo(struct bch_control *bch, unsigned int v)
+{
+ const unsigned int n = GF_N(bch);
+ while (v >= n) {
+ v -= n;
+ v = (v & n) + (v >> GF_M(bch));
+ }
+ return v;
+}
+
+static inline int fls(int x)
+{
+ int r = 32;
+
+ if (!x)
+ return 0;
+ if (!(x & 0xffff0000u)) {
+ x <<= 16;
+ r -= 16;
+ }
+ if (!(x & 0xff000000u)) {
+ x <<= 8;
+ r -= 8;
+ }
+ if (!(x & 0xf0000000u)) {
+ x <<= 4;
+ r -= 4;
+ }
+ if (!(x & 0xc0000000u)) {
+ x <<= 2;
+ r -= 2;
+ }
+ if (!(x & 0x80000000u)) {
+ x <<= 1;
+ r -= 1;
+ }
+ return r;
+}
+
+/*
+static inline int fls(int x)
+{
+ int r;
+ asm("bsrl %1,%0\n\t"
+ "jnz 1f\n\t"
+ "movl $-1,%0\n"
+ "1:" : "=r" (r) : "rm" (x));
+
+ return r+1;
+} */
+/*
+ * shorter and faster modulo function, only works when v < 2N.
+ */
+static inline int mod_s(struct bch_control *bch, unsigned int v)
+{
+ const unsigned int n = GF_N(bch);
+ return (v < n) ? v : v-n;
+}
+
+static inline int deg(unsigned int poly)
+{
+ /* polynomial degree is the most-significant bit index */
+ return fls(poly)-1;
+}
+
+static inline int parity(unsigned int x)
+{
+ /*
+ * public domain code snippet, lifted from
+ * http://www-graphics.stanford.edu/~seander/bithacks.html
+ */
+ x ^= x >> 1;
+ x ^= x >> 2;
+ x = (x & 0x11111111U) * 0x11111111U;
+ return (x >> 28) & 1;
+}
+
+/* Galois field basic operations: multiply, divide, inverse, etc. */
+
+static inline unsigned int gf_mul(struct bch_control *bch, unsigned int a,
+ unsigned int b)
+{
+ return (a && b) ? bch->a_pow_tab[mod_s(bch, bch->a_log_tab[a]+
+ bch->a_log_tab[b])] : 0;
+}
+
+static inline unsigned int gf_sqr(struct bch_control *bch, unsigned int a)
+{
+ return a ? bch->a_pow_tab[mod_s(bch, 2*bch->a_log_tab[a])] : 0;
+}
+
+static inline unsigned int gf_div(struct bch_control *bch, unsigned int a,
+ unsigned int b)
+{
+ return a ? bch->a_pow_tab[mod_s(bch, bch->a_log_tab[a]+
+ GF_N(bch)-bch->a_log_tab[b])] : 0;
+}
+
+static inline unsigned int gf_inv(struct bch_control *bch, unsigned int a)
+{
+ return bch->a_pow_tab[GF_N(bch)-bch->a_log_tab[a]];
+}
+
+static inline unsigned int a_pow(struct bch_control *bch, int i)
+{
+ return bch->a_pow_tab[modulo(bch, i)];
+}
+
+static inline int a_log(struct bch_control *bch, unsigned int x)
+{
+ return bch->a_log_tab[x];
+}
+
+static inline int a_ilog(struct bch_control *bch, unsigned int x)
+{
+ return mod_s(bch, GF_N(bch)-bch->a_log_tab[x]);
+}
+
+/*
+ * compute 2t syndromes of ecc polynomial, i.e. ecc(a^j) for j=1..2t
+ */
+static void compute_syndromes(struct bch_control *bch, uint32_t *ecc,
+ unsigned int *syn)
+{
+ int i, j, s;
+ unsigned int m;
+ uint32_t poly;
+ const int t = GF_T(bch);
+
+ s = bch->ecc_bits;
+
+ /* make sure extra bits in last ecc word are cleared */
+ m = ((unsigned int)s) & 31;
+ if (m)
+ ecc[s/32] &= ~((1u << (32-m))-1);
+ memset(syn, 0, 2*t*sizeof(*syn));
+
+ /* compute v(a^j) for j=1 .. 2t-1 */
+ do {
+ poly = *ecc++;
+ s -= 32;
+ while (poly) {
+ i = deg(poly);
+ for (j = 0; j < 2*t; j += 2)
+ syn[j] ^= a_pow(bch, (j+1)*(i+s));
+
+ poly ^= (1 << i);
+ }
+ } while (s > 0);
+
+ /* v(a^(2j)) = v(a^j)^2 */
+ for (j = 0; j < t; j++)
+ syn[2*j+1] = gf_sqr(bch, syn[j]);
+}
+
+static void gf_poly_copy(struct gf_poly *dst, struct gf_poly *src)
+{
+ memcpy(dst, src, GF_POLY_SZ(src->deg));
+}
+
+static int compute_error_locator_polynomial(struct bch_control *bch,
+ const unsigned int *syn)
+{
+ const unsigned int t = GF_T(bch);
+ const unsigned int n = GF_N(bch);
+ unsigned int i, j, tmp, l, pd = 1, d = syn[0];
+ struct gf_poly *elp = bch->elp;
+ struct gf_poly *pelp = bch->poly_2t[0];
+ struct gf_poly *elp_copy = bch->poly_2t[1];
+ int k, pp = -1;
+
+ memset(pelp, 0, GF_POLY_SZ(2*t));
+ memset(elp, 0, GF_POLY_SZ(2*t));
+
+ pelp->deg = 0;
+ pelp->c[0] = 1;
+ elp->deg = 0;
+ elp->c[0] = 1;
+
+ /* use simplified binary Berlekamp-Massey algorithm */
+ for (i = 0; (i < t) && (elp->deg <= t); i++) {
+ if (d) {
+ k = 2*i-pp;
+ gf_poly_copy(elp_copy, elp);
+ /* e[i+1](X) = e[i](X)+di*dp^-1*X^2(i-p)*e[p](X) */
+ tmp = a_log(bch, d)+n-a_log(bch, pd);
+ for (j = 0; j <= pelp->deg; j++) {
+ if (pelp->c[j]) {
+ l = a_log(bch, pelp->c[j]);
+ elp->c[j+k] ^= a_pow(bch, tmp+l);
+ }
+ }
+ /* compute l[i+1] = max(l[i]->c[l[p]+2*(i-p]) */
+ tmp = pelp->deg+k;
+ if (tmp > elp->deg) {
+ elp->deg = tmp;
+ gf_poly_copy(pelp, elp_copy);
+ pd = d;
+ pp = 2*i;
+ }
+ }
+ /* di+1 = S(2i+3)+elp[i+1].1*S(2i+2)+...+elp[i+1].lS(2i+3-l) */
+ if (i < t-1) {
+ d = syn[2*i+2];
+ for (j = 1; j <= elp->deg; j++)
+ d ^= gf_mul(bch, elp->c[j], syn[2*i+2-j]);
+ }
+ }
+ return (elp->deg > t) ? -1 : (int)elp->deg;
+}
+
+/*
+ * solve a m x m linear system in GF(2) with an expected number of solutions,
+ * and return the number of found solutions
+ */
+static int solve_linear_system(struct bch_control *bch, unsigned int *rows,
+ unsigned int *sol, int nsol)
+{
+ const int m = GF_M(bch);
+ unsigned int tmp, mask;
+ int rem, c, r, p, k, param[m];
+
+ k = 0;
+ mask = 1 << m;
+
+ /* Gaussian elimination */
+ for (c = 0; c < m; c++) {
+ rem = 0;
+ p = c-k;
+ /* find suitable row for elimination */
+ for (r = p; r < m; r++) {
+ if (rows[r] & mask) {
+ if (r != p) {
+ tmp = rows[r];
+ rows[r] = rows[p];
+ rows[p] = tmp;
+ }
+ rem = r+1;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ if (rem) {
+ /* perform elimination on remaining rows */
+ tmp = rows[p];
+ for (r = rem; r < m; r++) {
+ if (rows[r] & mask)
+ rows[r] ^= tmp;
+ }
+ } else {
+ /* elimination not needed, store defective row index */
+ param[k++] = c;
+ }
+ mask >>= 1;
+ }
+ /* rewrite system, inserting fake parameter rows */
+ if (k > 0) {
+ p = k;
+ for (r = m-1; r >= 0; r--) {
+ if ((r > m-1-k) && rows[r])
+ /* system has no solution */
+ return 0;
+
+ rows[r] = (p && (r == param[p-1])) ?
+ p--, 1u << (m-r) : rows[r-p];
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (nsol != (1 << k))
+ /* unexpected number of solutions */
+ return 0;
+
+ for (p = 0; p < nsol; p++) {
+ /* set parameters for p-th solution */
+ for (c = 0; c < k; c++)
+ rows[param[c]] = (rows[param[c]] & ~1)|((p >> c) & 1);
+
+ /* compute unique solution */
+ tmp = 0;
+ for (r = m-1; r >= 0; r--) {
+ mask = rows[r] & (tmp|1);
+ tmp |= parity(mask) << (m-r);
+ }
+ sol[p] = tmp >> 1;
+ }
+ return nsol;
+}
+
+/*
+ * this function builds and solves a linear system for finding roots of a degree
+ * 4 affine monic polynomial X^4+aX^2+bX+c over GF(2^m).
+ */
+static int find_affine4_roots(struct bch_control *bch, unsigned int a,
+ unsigned int b, unsigned int c,
+ unsigned int *roots)
+{
+ int i, j, k;
+ const int m = GF_M(bch);
+ unsigned int mask = 0xff, t, rows[16] = {0,};
+
+ j = a_log(bch, b);
+ k = a_log(bch, a);
+ rows[0] = c;
+
+ /* buid linear system to solve X^4+aX^2+bX+c = 0 */
+ for (i = 0; i < m; i++) {
+ rows[i+1] = bch->a_pow_tab[4*i]^
+ (a ? bch->a_pow_tab[mod_s(bch, k)] : 0)^
+ (b ? bch->a_pow_tab[mod_s(bch, j)] : 0);
+ j++;
+ k += 2;
+ }
+ /*
+ * transpose 16x16 matrix before passing it to linear solver
+ * warning: this code assumes m < 16
+ */
+ for (j = 8; j != 0; j >>= 1, mask ^= (mask << j)) {
+ for (k = 0; k < 16; k = (k+j+1) & ~j) {
+ t = ((rows[k] >> j)^rows[k+j]) & mask;
+ rows[k] ^= (t << j);
+ rows[k+j] ^= t;
+ }
+ }
+ return solve_linear_system(bch, rows, roots, 4);
+}
+
+/*
+ * compute root r of a degree 1 polynomial over GF(2^m) (returned as log(1/r))
+ */
+static int find_poly_deg1_roots(struct bch_control *bch, struct gf_poly *poly,
+ unsigned int *roots)
+{
+ int n = 0;
+
+ if (poly->c[0])
+ /* poly[X] = bX+c with c!=0, root=c/b */
+ roots[n++] = mod_s(bch, GF_N(bch)-bch->a_log_tab[poly->c[0]]+
+ bch->a_log_tab[poly->c[1]]);
+ return n;
+}
+
+/*
+ * compute roots of a degree 2 polynomial over GF(2^m)
+ */
+static int find_poly_deg2_roots(struct bch_control *bch, struct gf_poly *poly,
+ unsigned int *roots)
+{
+ int n = 0, i, l0, l1, l2;
+ unsigned int u, v, r;
+
+ if (poly->c[0] && poly->c[1]) {
+
+ l0 = bch->a_log_tab[poly->c[0]];
+ l1 = bch->a_log_tab[poly->c[1]];
+ l2 = bch->a_log_tab[poly->c[2]];
+
+ /* using z=a/bX, transform aX^2+bX+c into z^2+z+u (u=ac/b^2) */
+ u = a_pow(bch, l0+l2+2*(GF_N(bch)-l1));
+ /*
+ * let u = sum(li.a^i) i=0..m-1; then compute r = sum(li.xi):
+ * r^2+r = sum(li.(xi^2+xi)) = sum(li.(a^i+Tr(a^i).a^k)) =
+ * u + sum(li.Tr(a^i).a^k) = u+a^k.Tr(sum(li.a^i)) = u+a^k.Tr(u)
+ * i.e. r and r+1 are roots iff Tr(u)=0
+ */
+ r = 0;
+ v = u;
+ while (v) {
+ i = deg(v);
+ r ^= bch->xi_tab[i];
+ v ^= (1 << i);
+ }
+ /* verify root */
+ if ((gf_sqr(bch, r)^r) == u) {
+ /* reverse z=a/bX transformation and compute log(1/r) */
+ roots[n++] = modulo(bch, 2*GF_N(bch)-l1-
+ bch->a_log_tab[r]+l2);
+ roots[n++] = modulo(bch, 2*GF_N(bch)-l1-
+ bch->a_log_tab[r^1]+l2);
+ }
+ }
+ return n;
+}
+
+/*
+ * compute roots of a degree 3 polynomial over GF(2^m)
+ */
+static int find_poly_deg3_roots(struct bch_control *bch, struct gf_poly *poly,
+ unsigned int *roots)
+{
+ int i, n = 0;
+ unsigned int a, b, c, a2, b2, c2, e3, tmp[4];
+
+ if (poly->c[0]) {
+ /* transform polynomial into monic X^3 + a2X^2 + b2X + c2 */
+ e3 = poly->c[3];
+ c2 = gf_div(bch, poly->c[0], e3);
+ b2 = gf_div(bch, poly->c[1], e3);
+ a2 = gf_div(bch, poly->c[2], e3);
+
+ /* (X+a2)(X^3+a2X^2+b2X+c2) = X^4+aX^2+bX+c (affine) */
+ c = gf_mul(bch, a2, c2); /* c = a2c2 */
+ b = gf_mul(bch, a2, b2)^c2; /* b = a2b2 + c2 */
+ a = gf_sqr(bch, a2)^b2; /* a = a2^2 + b2 */
+
+ /* find the 4 roots of this affine polynomial */
+ if (find_affine4_roots(bch, a, b, c, tmp) == 4) {
+ /* remove a2 from final list of roots */
+ for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+ if (tmp[i] != a2)
+ roots[n++] = a_ilog(bch, tmp[i]);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ return n;
+}
+
+/*
+ * compute roots of a degree 4 polynomial over GF(2^m)
+ */
+static int find_poly_deg4_roots(struct bch_control *bch, struct gf_poly *poly,
+ unsigned int *roots)
+{
+ int i, l, n = 0;
+ unsigned int a, b, c, d, e = 0, f, a2, b2, c2, e4;
+
+ if (poly->c[0] == 0)
+ return 0;
+
+ /* transform polynomial into monic X^4 + aX^3 + bX^2 + cX + d */
+ e4 = poly->c[4];
+ d = gf_div(bch, poly->c[0], e4);
+ c = gf_div(bch, poly->c[1], e4);
+ b = gf_div(bch, poly->c[2], e4);
+ a = gf_div(bch, poly->c[3], e4);
+
+ /* use Y=1/X transformation to get an affine polynomial */
+ if (a) {
+ /* first, eliminate cX by using z=X+e with ae^2+c=0 */
+ if (c) {
+ /* compute e such that e^2 = c/a */
+ f = gf_div(bch, c, a);
+ l = a_log(bch, f);
+ l += (l & 1) ? GF_N(bch) : 0;
+ e = a_pow(bch, l/2);
+ /*
+ * use transformation z=X+e:
+ * z^4+e^4 + a(z^3+ez^2+e^2z+e^3) + b(z^2+e^2) +cz+ce+d
+ * z^4 + az^3 + (ae+b)z^2 + (ae^2+c)z+e^4+be^2+ae^3+ce+d
+ * z^4 + az^3 + (ae+b)z^2 + e^4+be^2+d
+ * z^4 + az^3 + b'z^2 + d'
+ */
+ d = a_pow(bch, 2*l)^gf_mul(bch, b, f)^d;
+ b = gf_mul(bch, a, e)^b;
+ }
+ /* now, use Y=1/X to get Y^4 + b/dY^2 + a/dY + 1/d */
+ if (d == 0)
+ /* assume all roots have multiplicity 1 */
+ return 0;
+
+ c2 = gf_inv(bch, d);
+ b2 = gf_div(bch, a, d);
+ a2 = gf_div(bch, b, d);
+ } else {
+ /* polynomial is already affine */
+ c2 = d;
+ b2 = c;
+ a2 = b;
+ }
+ /* find the 4 roots of this affine polynomial */
+ if (find_affine4_roots(bch, a2, b2, c2, roots) == 4) {
+ for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+ /* post-process roots (reverse transformations) */
+ f = a ? gf_inv(bch, roots[i]) : roots[i];
+ roots[i] = a_ilog(bch, f^e);
+ }
+ n = 4;
+ }
+ return n;
+}
+
+/*
+ * build monic, log-based representation of a polynomial
+ */
+static void gf_poly_logrep(struct bch_control *bch,
+ const struct gf_poly *a, int *rep)
+{
+ int i, d = a->deg, l = GF_N(bch)-a_log(bch, a->c[a->deg]);
+
+ /* represent 0 values with -1; warning, rep[d] is not set to 1 */
+ for (i = 0; i < d; i++)
+ rep[i] = a->c[i] ? mod_s(bch, a_log(bch, a->c[i])+l) : -1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * compute polynomial Euclidean division remainder in GF(2^m)[X]
+ */
+static void gf_poly_mod(struct bch_control *bch, struct gf_poly *a,
+ const struct gf_poly *b, int *rep)
+{
+ int la, p, m;
+ unsigned int i, j, *c = a->c;
+ const unsigned int d = b->deg;
+
+ if (a->deg < d)
+ return;
+
+ /* reuse or compute log representation of denominator */
+ if (!rep) {
+ rep = bch->cache;
+ gf_poly_logrep(bch, b, rep);
+ }
+
+ for (j = a->deg; j >= d; j--) {
+ if (c[j]) {
+ la = a_log(bch, c[j]);
+ p = j-d;
+ for (i = 0; i < d; i++, p++) {
+ m = rep[i];
+ if (m >= 0)
+ c[p] ^= bch->a_pow_tab[mod_s(bch,
+ m+la)];
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ a->deg = d-1;
+ while (!c[a->deg] && a->deg)
+ a->deg--;
+}
+
+/*
+ * compute polynomial Euclidean division quotient in GF(2^m)[X]
+ */
+static void gf_poly_div(struct bch_control *bch, struct gf_poly *a,
+ const struct gf_poly *b, struct gf_poly *q)
+{
+ if (a->deg >= b->deg) {
+ q->deg = a->deg-b->deg;
+ /* compute a mod b (modifies a) */
+ gf_poly_mod(bch, a, b, NULL);
+ /* quotient is stored in upper part of polynomial a */
+ memcpy(q->c, &a->c[b->deg], (1+q->deg)*sizeof(unsigned int));
+ } else {
+ q->deg = 0;
+ q->c[0] = 0;
+ }
+}
+
+/*
+ * compute polynomial GCD (Greatest Common Divisor) in GF(2^m)[X]
+ */
+static struct gf_poly *gf_poly_gcd(struct bch_control *bch, struct gf_poly *a,
+ struct gf_poly *b)
+{
+ struct gf_poly *tmp;
+
+ if (a->deg < b->deg) {
+ tmp = b;
+ b = a;
+ a = tmp;
+ }
+
+ while (b->deg > 0) {
+ gf_poly_mod(bch, a, b, NULL);
+ tmp = b;
+ b = a;
+ a = tmp;
+ }
+
+ return a;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Given a polynomial f and an integer k, compute Tr(a^kX) mod f
+ * This is used in Berlekamp Trace algorithm for splitting polynomials
+ */
+static void compute_trace_bk_mod(struct bch_control *bch, int k,
+ const struct gf_poly *f, struct gf_poly *z,
+ struct gf_poly *out)
+{
+ const int m = GF_M(bch);
+ int i, j;
+
+ /* z contains z^2j mod f */
+ z->deg = 1;
+ z->c[0] = 0;
+ z->c[1] = bch->a_pow_tab[k];
+
+ out->deg = 0;
+ memset(out, 0, GF_POLY_SZ(f->deg));
+
+ /* compute f log representation only once */
+ gf_poly_logrep(bch, f, bch->cache);
+
+ for (i = 0; i < m; i++) {
+ /* add a^(k*2^i)(z^(2^i) mod f) and compute (z^(2^i) mod f)^2 */
+ for (j = z->deg; j >= 0; j--) {
+ out->c[j] ^= z->c[j];
+ z->c[2*j] = gf_sqr(bch, z->c[j]);
+ z->c[2*j+1] = 0;
+ }
+ if (z->deg > out->deg)
+ out->deg = z->deg;
+
+ if (i < m-1) {
+ z->deg *= 2;
+ /* z^(2(i+1)) mod f = (z^(2^i) mod f)^2 mod f */
+ gf_poly_mod(bch, z, f, bch->cache);
+ }
+ }
+ while (!out->c[out->deg] && out->deg)
+ out->deg--;
+}
+
+/*
+ * factor a polynomial using Berlekamp Trace algorithm (BTA)
+ */
+static void factor_polynomial(struct bch_control *bch, int k, struct gf_poly *f,
+ struct gf_poly **g, struct gf_poly **h)
+{
+ struct gf_poly *f2 = bch->poly_2t[0];
+ struct gf_poly *q = bch->poly_2t[1];
+ struct gf_poly *tk = bch->poly_2t[2];
+ struct gf_poly *z = bch->poly_2t[3];
+ struct gf_poly *gcd;
+
+ *g = f;
+ *h = NULL;
+
+ /* tk = Tr(a^k.X) mod f */
+ compute_trace_bk_mod(bch, k, f, z, tk);
+
+ if (tk->deg > 0) {
+ /* compute g = gcd(f, tk) (destructive operation) */
+ gf_poly_copy(f2, f);
+ gcd = gf_poly_gcd(bch, f2, tk);
+ if (gcd->deg < f->deg) {
+ /* compute h=f/gcd(f,tk); this will modify f and q */
+ gf_poly_div(bch, f, gcd, q);
+ /* store g and h in-place (clobbering f) */
+ *h = &((struct gf_poly_deg1 *)f)[gcd->deg].poly;
+ gf_poly_copy(*g, gcd);
+ gf_poly_copy(*h, q);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+/*
+ * find roots of a polynomial, using BTZ algorithm; see the beginning of this
+ * file for details
+ */
+static int find_poly_roots(struct bch_control *bch, unsigned int k,
+ struct gf_poly *poly, unsigned int *roots)
+{
+ int cnt;
+ struct gf_poly *f1, *f2;
+
+ switch (poly->deg) {
+ /* handle low degree polynomials with ad hoc techniques */
+ case 1:
+ cnt = find_poly_deg1_roots(bch, poly, roots);
+ break;
+ case 2:
+ cnt = find_poly_deg2_roots(bch, poly, roots);
+ break;
+ case 3:
+ cnt = find_poly_deg3_roots(bch, poly, roots);
+ break;
+ case 4:
+ cnt = find_poly_deg4_roots(bch, poly, roots);
+ break;
+ default:
+ /* factor polynomial using Berlekamp Trace Algorithm (BTA) */
+ cnt = 0;
+ if (poly->deg && (k <= GF_M(bch))) {
+ factor_polynomial(bch, k, poly, &f1, &f2);
+ if (f1)
+ cnt += find_poly_roots(bch, k+1, f1, roots);
+ if (f2)
+ cnt += find_poly_roots(bch, k+1, f2, roots+cnt);
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ return cnt;
+}
+
+#if defined(USE_CHIEN_SEARCH)
+/*
+ * exhaustive root search (Chien) implementation - not used, included only for
+ * reference/comparison tests
+ */
+static int chien_search(struct bch_control *bch, unsigned int len,
+ struct gf_poly *p, unsigned int *roots)
+{
+ int m;
+ unsigned int i, j, syn, syn0, count = 0;
+ const unsigned int k = 8*len+bch->ecc_bits;
+
+ /* use a log-based representation of polynomial */
+ gf_poly_logrep(bch, p, bch->cache);
+ bch->cache[p->deg] = 0;
+ syn0 = gf_div(bch, p->c[0], p->c[p->deg]);
+
+ for (i = GF_N(bch)-k+1; i <= GF_N(bch); i++) {
+ /* compute elp(a^i) */
+ for (j = 1, syn = syn0; j <= p->deg; j++) {
+ m = bch->cache[j];
+ if (m >= 0)
+ syn ^= a_pow(bch, m+j*i);
+ }
+ if (syn == 0) {
+ roots[count++] = GF_N(bch)-i;
+ if (count == p->deg)
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ return (count == p->deg) ? count : 0;
+}
+#define find_poly_roots(_p, _k, _elp, _loc) chien_search(_p, len, _elp, _loc)
+#endif /* USE_CHIEN_SEARCH */
+
+/**
+ * decode_bch - decode received codeword and find bit error locations
+ * @bch: BCH control structure
+ * @data: received data, ignored if @calc_ecc is provided
+ * @len: data length in bytes, must always be provided
+ * @recv_ecc: received ecc, if NULL then assume it was XORed in @calc_ecc
+ * @calc_ecc: calculated ecc, if NULL then calc_ecc is computed from @data
+ * @syn: hw computed syndrome data (if NULL, syndrome is calculated)
+ * @errloc: output array of error locations
+ *
+ * Returns:
+ * The number of errors found, or -EBADMSG if decoding failed, or -EINVAL if
+ * invalid parameters were provided
+ *
+ * Depending on the available hw BCH support and the need to compute @calc_ecc
+ * separately (using encode_bch()), this function should be called with one of
+ * the following parameter configurations -
+ *
+ * by providing @data and @recv_ecc only:
+ * decode_bch(@bch, @data, @len, @recv_ecc, NULL, NULL, @errloc)
+ *
+ * by providing @recv_ecc and @calc_ecc:
+ * decode_bch(@bch, NULL, @len, @recv_ecc, @calc_ecc, NULL, @errloc)
+ *
+ * by providing ecc = recv_ecc XOR calc_ecc:
+ * decode_bch(@bch, NULL, @len, NULL, ecc, NULL, @errloc)
+ *
+ * by providing syndrome results @syn:
+ * decode_bch(@bch, NULL, @len, NULL, NULL, @syn, @errloc)
+ *
+ * Once decode_bch() has successfully returned with a positive value, error
+ * locations returned in array @errloc should be interpreted as follows -
+ *
+ * if (errloc[n] >= 8*len), then n-th error is located in ecc (no need for
+ * data correction)
+ *
+ * if (errloc[n] < 8*len), then n-th error is located in data and can be
+ * corrected with statement data[errloc[n]/8] ^= 1 << (errloc[n] % 8);
+ *
+ * Note that this function does not perform any data correction by itself, it
+ * merely indicates error locations.
+ */
+int decode_bch(struct bch_control *bch, const uint8_t *data, unsigned int len,
+ const uint8_t *recv_ecc, const uint8_t *calc_ecc,
+ const unsigned int *syn, unsigned int *errloc)
+{
+ const unsigned int ecc_words = BCH_ECC_WORDS(bch);
+ unsigned int nbits;
+ int i, err, nroots;
+ uint32_t sum;
+
+ /* sanity check: make sure data length can be handled */
+ if (8*len > (bch->n-bch->ecc_bits))
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ /* if caller does not provide syndromes, compute them */
+ if (!syn) {
+ if (!calc_ecc) {
+ /* compute received data ecc into an internal buffer */
+ if (!data || !recv_ecc)
+ return -EINVAL;
+ encode_bch(bch, data, len, NULL);
+ } else {
+ /* load provided calculated ecc */
+ load_ecc8(bch, bch->ecc_buf, calc_ecc);
+ }
+ /* load received ecc or assume it was XORed in calc_ecc */
+ if (recv_ecc) {
+ load_ecc8(bch, bch->ecc_buf2, recv_ecc);
+ /* XOR received and calculated ecc */
+ for (i = 0, sum = 0; i < (int)ecc_words; i++) {
+ bch->ecc_buf[i] ^= bch->ecc_buf2[i];
+ sum |= bch->ecc_buf[i];
+ }
+ if (!sum)
+ /* no error found */
+ return 0;
+ }
+ compute_syndromes(bch, bch->ecc_buf, bch->syn);
+ syn = bch->syn;
+ }
+
+ err = compute_error_locator_polynomial(bch, syn);
+ if (err > 0) {
+ nroots = find_poly_roots(bch, 1, bch->elp, errloc);
+ if (err != nroots)
+ err = -1;
+ }
+ if (err > 0) {
+ /* post-process raw error locations for easier correction */
+ nbits = (len*8)+bch->ecc_bits;
+ for (i = 0; i < err; i++) {
+ if (errloc[i] >= nbits) {
+ err = -1;
+ break;
+ }
+ errloc[i] = nbits-1-errloc[i];
+ errloc[i] = (errloc[i] & ~7)|(7-(errloc[i] & 7));
+ }
+ }
+ return (err >= 0) ? err : -EBADMSG;
+}
+
+/*
+ * generate Galois field lookup tables
+ */
+static int build_gf_tables(struct bch_control *bch, unsigned int poly)
+{
+ unsigned int i, x = 1;
+ const unsigned int k = 1 << deg(poly);
+
+ /* primitive polynomial must be of degree m */
+ if (k != (1u << GF_M(bch)))
+ return -1;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < GF_N(bch); i++) {
+ bch->a_pow_tab[i] = x;
+ bch->a_log_tab[x] = i;
+ if (i && (x == 1))
+ /* polynomial is not primitive (a^i=1 with 0<i<2^m-1) */
+ return -1;
+ x <<= 1;
+ if (x & k)
+ x ^= poly;
+ }
+ bch->a_pow_tab[GF_N(bch)] = 1;
+ bch->a_log_tab[0] = 0;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * compute generator polynomial remainder tables for fast encoding
+ */
+static void build_mod8_tables(struct bch_control *bch, const uint32_t *g)
+{
+ int i, j, b, d;
+ uint32_t data, hi, lo, *tab;
+ const int l = BCH_ECC_WORDS(bch);
+ const int plen = DIV_ROUND_UP(bch->ecc_bits+1, 32);
+ const int ecclen = DIV_ROUND_UP(bch->ecc_bits, 32);
+
+ memset(bch->mod8_tab, 0, 4*256*l*sizeof(*bch->mod8_tab));
+
+ for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
+ /* p(X)=i is a small polynomial of weight <= 8 */
+ for (b = 0; b < 4; b++) {
+ /* we want to compute (p(X).X^(8*b+deg(g))) mod g(X) */
+ tab = bch->mod8_tab + (b*256+i)*l;
+ data = i << (8*b);
+ while (data) {
+ d = deg(data);
+ /* subtract X^d.g(X) from p(X).X^(8*b+deg(g)) */
+ data ^= g[0] >> (31-d);
+ for (j = 0; j < ecclen; j++) {
+ hi = (d < 31) ? g[j] << (d+1) : 0;
+ lo = (j+1 < plen) ?
+ g[j+1] >> (31-d) : 0;
+ tab[j] ^= hi|lo;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+/*
+ * build a base for factoring degree 2 polynomials
+ */
+static int build_deg2_base(struct bch_control *bch)
+{
+ const int m = GF_M(bch);
+ int i, j, r;
+ unsigned int sum, x, y, remaining, ak = 0, xi[m];
+
+ /* find k s.t. Tr(a^k) = 1 and 0 <= k < m */
+ for (i = 0; i < m; i++) {
+ for (j = 0, sum = 0; j < m; j++)
+ sum ^= a_pow(bch, i*(1 << j));
+
+ if (sum) {
+ ak = bch->a_pow_tab[i];
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ /* find xi, i=0..m-1 such that xi^2+xi = a^i+Tr(a^i).a^k */
+ remaining = m;
+ memset(xi, 0, sizeof(xi));
+
+ for (x = 0; (x <= GF_N(bch)) && remaining; x++) {
+ y = gf_sqr(bch, x)^x;
+ for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+ r = a_log(bch, y);
+ if (y && (r < m) && !xi[r]) {
+ bch->xi_tab[r] = x;
+ xi[r] = 1;
+ remaining--;
+ break;
+ }
+ y ^= ak;
+ }
+ }
+ /* should not happen but check anyway */
+ return remaining ? -1 : 0;
+}
+
+static void *bch_alloc(size_t size, int *err)
+{
+ void *ptr;
+
+ ptr = malloc(size);
+ if (ptr == NULL)
+ *err = 1;
+ return ptr;
+}
+
+/*
+ * compute generator polynomial for given (m,t) parameters.
+ */
+static uint32_t *compute_generator_polynomial(struct bch_control *bch)
+{
+ const unsigned int m = GF_M(bch);
+ const unsigned int t = GF_T(bch);
+ int n, err = 0;
+ unsigned int i, j, nbits, r, word, *roots;
+ struct gf_poly *g;
+ uint32_t *genpoly;
+
+ g = bch_alloc(GF_POLY_SZ(m*t), &err);
+ roots = bch_alloc((bch->n+1)*sizeof(*roots), &err);
+ genpoly = bch_alloc(DIV_ROUND_UP(m*t+1, 32)*sizeof(*genpoly), &err);
+
+ if (err) {
+ free(genpoly);
+ genpoly = NULL;
+ goto finish;
+ }
+
+ /* enumerate all roots of g(X) */
+ memset(roots , 0, (bch->n+1)*sizeof(*roots));
+ for (i = 0; i < t; i++) {
+ for (j = 0, r = 2*i+1; j < m; j++) {
+ roots[r] = 1;
+ r = mod_s(bch, 2*r);
+ }
+ }
+ /* build generator polynomial g(X) */
+ g->deg = 0;
+ g->c[0] = 1;
+ for (i = 0; i < GF_N(bch); i++) {
+ if (roots[i]) {
+ /* multiply g(X) by (X+root) */
+ r = bch->a_pow_tab[i];
+ g->c[g->deg+1] = 1;
+ for (j = g->deg; j > 0; j--)
+ g->c[j] = gf_mul(bch, g->c[j], r)^g->c[j-1];
+
+ g->c[0] = gf_mul(bch, g->c[0], r);
+ g->deg++;
+ }
+ }
+ /* store left-justified binary representation of g(X) */
+ n = g->deg+1;
+ i = 0;
+ while (n > 0) {
+ nbits = (n > 32) ? 32 : n;
+ for (j = 0, word = 0; j < nbits; j++) {
+ if (g->c[n-1-j])
+ word |= 1u << (31-j);
+ }
+ genpoly[i++] = word;
+ n -= nbits;
+ }
+
+ bch->ecc_bits = g->deg;
+
+finish:
+ free(g);
+ free(roots);
+
+ return genpoly;
+}
+
+/**
+ * init_bch - initialize a BCH encoder/decoder
+ * @m: Galois field order, should be in the range 5-15
+ * @t: maximum error correction capability, in bits
+ * @prim_poly: user-provided primitive polynomial (or 0 to use default)
+ *
+ * Returns:
+ * a newly allocated BCH control structure if successful, NULL otherwise
+ *
+ * This initialization can take some time, as lookup tables are built for fast
+ * encoding/decoding; make sure not to call this function from a time critical
+ * path. Usually, init_bch() should be called on module/driver init and
+ * free_bch() should be called to release memory on exit.
+ *
+ * You may provide your own primitive polynomial of degree @m in argument
+ * @prim_poly, or let init_bch() use its default polynomial.
+ *
+ * Once init_bch() has successfully returned a pointer to a newly allocated
+ * BCH control structure, ecc length in bytes is given by member @ecc_bytes of
+ * the structure.
+ */
+struct bch_control *init_bch(int m, int t, unsigned int prim_poly)
+{
+ int err = 0;
+ unsigned int i, words;
+ uint32_t *genpoly;
+ struct bch_control *bch = NULL;
+
+ const int min_m = 5;
+ const int max_m = 15;
+
+ /* default primitive polynomials */
+ static const unsigned int prim_poly_tab[] = {
+ 0x25, 0x43, 0x83, 0x11d, 0x211, 0x409, 0x805, 0x1053, 0x201b,
+ 0x402b, 0x8003,
+ };
+
+#if defined(CONFIG_BCH_CONST_PARAMS)
+ if ((m != (CONFIG_BCH_CONST_M)) || (t != (CONFIG_BCH_CONST_T))) {
+ printk(KERN_ERR "bch encoder/decoder was configured to support "
+ "parameters m=%d, t=%d only!\n",
+ CONFIG_BCH_CONST_M, CONFIG_BCH_CONST_T);
+ goto fail;
+ }
+#endif
+ if ((m < min_m) || (m > max_m))
+ /*
+ * values of m greater than 15 are not currently supported;
+ * supporting m > 15 would require changing table base type
+ * (uint16_t) and a small patch in matrix transposition
+ */
+ goto fail;
+
+ /* sanity checks */
+ if ((t < 1) || (m*t >= ((1 << m)-1)))
+ /* invalid t value */
+ goto fail;
+
+ /* select a primitive polynomial for generating GF(2^m) */
+ if (prim_poly == 0)
+ prim_poly = prim_poly_tab[m-min_m];
+
+ bch = malloc(sizeof(*bch));
+ if (bch == NULL)
+ goto fail;
+
+ bch->m = m;
+ bch->t = t;
+ bch->n = (1 << m)-1;
+ words = DIV_ROUND_UP(m*t, 32);
+ bch->ecc_bytes = DIV_ROUND_UP(m*t, 8);
+ bch->a_pow_tab = bch_alloc((1+bch->n)*sizeof(*bch->a_pow_tab), &err);
+ bch->a_log_tab = bch_alloc((1+bch->n)*sizeof(*bch->a_log_tab), &err);
+ bch->mod8_tab = bch_alloc(words*1024*sizeof(*bch->mod8_tab), &err);
+ bch->ecc_buf = bch_alloc(words*sizeof(*bch->ecc_buf), &err);
+ bch->ecc_buf2 = bch_alloc(words*sizeof(*bch->ecc_buf2), &err);
+ bch->xi_tab = bch_alloc(m*sizeof(*bch->xi_tab), &err);
+ bch->syn = bch_alloc(2*t*sizeof(*bch->syn), &err);
+ bch->cache = bch_alloc(2*t*sizeof(*bch->cache), &err);
+ bch->elp = bch_alloc((t+1)*sizeof(struct gf_poly_deg1), &err);
+
+ for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bch->poly_2t); i++)
+ bch->poly_2t[i] = bch_alloc(GF_POLY_SZ(2*t), &err);
+
+ if (err)
+ goto fail;
+
+ err = build_gf_tables(bch, prim_poly);
+ if (err)
+ goto fail;
+
+ /* use generator polynomial for computing encoding tables */
+ genpoly = compute_generator_polynomial(bch);
+ if (genpoly == NULL)
+ goto fail;
+
+ build_mod8_tables(bch, genpoly);
+ free(genpoly);
+
+ err = build_deg2_base(bch);
+ if (err)
+ goto fail;
+
+ return bch;
+
+fail:
+ free_bch(bch);
+ return NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * free_bch - free the BCH control structure
+ * @bch: BCH control structure to release
+ */
+void free_bch(struct bch_control *bch)
+{
+ unsigned int i;
+
+ if (bch) {
+ free(bch->a_pow_tab);
+ free(bch->a_log_tab);
+ free(bch->mod8_tab);
+ free(bch->ecc_buf);
+ free(bch->ecc_buf2);
+ free(bch->xi_tab);
+ free(bch->syn);
+ free(bch->cache);
+ free(bch->elp);
+
+ for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bch->poly_2t); i++)
+ free(bch->poly_2t[i]);
+
+ free(bch);
+ }
+}
+
+int encode_bch_ecc_62(void *source_block, size_t source_size,
+ void *target_block, size_t target_size)
+{
+ int m = METADATABYTE;
+ int b0 = BLOCK0BYTE;
+ int e0 = BLOCK0ECC;
+ int bn = BLOCKNBYTE;
+ int en = BLOCKNECC;
+ int n = NUMOFBLOCKN;
+ int gf = FCB_GF;
+
+ struct bch_control *bch;
+ uint8_t *ecc_buf;
+ int ecc_buf_size;
+ uint8_t *tmp_buf;
+ int tmp_buf_size;
+ int real_buf_size;
+ int i, j;
+ int ecc_bit_off;
+ int data_ecc_blk_size;
+ int low_byte_off, low_bit_off;
+ int high_byte_off, high_bit_off;
+ uint8_t byte_low, byte_high;
+
+ /* sanity check */
+ /* nand data block must be large enough for FCB structure */
+ if (source_size > b0 + n * bn)
+ return -EINVAL;
+ /* nand page need to be large enough to contain Meta, FCB and ECC */
+ if (target_size < m + b0 + e0*gf/8 + n*bn + n*en*gf/8)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ /* init bch, using default polynomial */
+ bch = init_bch(gf, en, 0);
+ if(!bch)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ /* buffer for ecc */
+ ecc_buf_size = (gf * en + 7)/8;
+ ecc_buf = malloc(ecc_buf_size);
+ if(!ecc_buf)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ /* temp buffer to store data and ecc */
+ tmp_buf_size = b0 + (e0 * gf + 7)/8 + (bn + (en * gf + 7)/8) * 7;
+ tmp_buf = malloc(tmp_buf_size);
+ if(!tmp_buf)
+ return -EINVAL;
+ memset(tmp_buf, 0, tmp_buf_size);
+
+ /* generate ecc code for each data block and store in temp buffer */
+
+ for (i = 0; i < n+1; i++) {
+ memset(ecc_buf, 0, ecc_buf_size);
+ encode_bch(bch, source_block + i * bn, bn, ecc_buf);
+
+ memcpy(tmp_buf + i * (bn + ecc_buf_size), source_block + i * bn, bn);
+
+ /* reverse ecc bit */
+ for (j = 0; j < ecc_buf_size; j++) {
+ ecc_buf[j] = reverse_bit(ecc_buf[j]);
+ }
+
+ memcpy(tmp_buf + (i+1)*bn + i*ecc_buf_size, ecc_buf, ecc_buf_size);
+ }
+
+ /* store Metadata for taget block with randomizer*/
+ memcpy(target_block, RandData, m);
+ /*memset(target_block, 0, m);*/
+
+ /* shift the bit to combine the source data and ecc */
+ real_buf_size = (b0*8 + gf*e0 + (bn*8 + gf*en)*n)/8;
+ /* bit offset for each ecc block */
+ ecc_bit_off = 8 - (gf * en)%8;
+ /* size of a data block plus ecc block */
+ data_ecc_blk_size = bn +(gf*en+7)/8;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < real_buf_size; i++) {
+ low_bit_off = ((i/data_ecc_blk_size) * ecc_bit_off)%8;
+ low_byte_off = ((i/data_ecc_blk_size) * ecc_bit_off)/8;
+ high_bit_off = (((i+1)/data_ecc_blk_size) * ecc_bit_off)%8;
+ high_byte_off = (((i+1)/data_ecc_blk_size) * ecc_bit_off)/8;
+
+ byte_low = tmp_buf[i+low_byte_off] >> low_bit_off;
+ byte_high = tmp_buf[i+1+high_byte_off] << (8 - high_bit_off);
+
+ *(uint8_t *)(target_block + i + m) = (byte_low | byte_high) ^ RandData[i + m];
+ }
+
+ free(ecc_buf);
+ free(tmp_buf);
+ return 0;
+}
diff -Naur kobs-ng-1.3.org/src/bch.h kobs-ng-1.3.new/src/bch.h
--- kobs-ng-1.3.org/src/bch.h 1969-12-31 16:00:00.000000000 -0800
+++ kobs-ng-1.3.new/src/bch.h 2014-10-24 20:35:24.344372832 -0700
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+/*
+* Copyright (C) 2010-2014 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+*/
+
+/*
+* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+* (at your option) any later version.
+*
+* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+* GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+* with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+* 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+*/
+/*
+ * Generic binary BCH encoding/decoding library
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+ * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
+ * Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Copyright © 2011 Parrot S.A.
+ *
+ * Author: Ivan Djelic <ivan.djelic@parrot.com>
+ *
+ * Description:
+ *
+ * This library provides runtime configurable encoding/decoding of binary
+ * Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) codes.
+*/
+#ifndef _BCH_H
+#define _BCH_H
+
+//#include <types.h>
+
+/**
+ * struct bch_control - BCH control structure
+ * @m: Galois field order
+ * @n: maximum codeword size in bits (= 2^m-1)
+ * @t: error correction capability in bits
+ * @ecc_bits: ecc exact size in bits, i.e. generator polynomial degree (<=m*t)
+ * @ecc_bytes: ecc max size (m*t bits) in bytes
+ * @a_pow_tab: Galois field GF(2^m) exponentiation lookup table
+ * @a_log_tab: Galois field GF(2^m) log lookup table
+ * @mod8_tab: remainder generator polynomial lookup tables
+ * @ecc_buf: ecc parity words buffer
+ * @ecc_buf2: ecc parity words buffer
+ * @xi_tab: GF(2^m) base for solving degree 2 polynomial roots
+ * @syn: syndrome buffer
+ * @cache: log-based polynomial representation buffer
+ * @elp: error locator polynomial
+ * @poly_2t: temporary polynomials of degree 2t
+ */
+struct bch_control {
+ unsigned int m;
+ unsigned int n;
+ unsigned int t;
+ unsigned int ecc_bits;
+ unsigned int ecc_bytes;
+/* private: */
+ uint16_t *a_pow_tab;
+ uint16_t *a_log_tab;
+ uint32_t *mod8_tab;
+ uint32_t *ecc_buf;
+ uint32_t *ecc_buf2;
+ unsigned int *xi_tab;
+ unsigned int *syn;
+ int *cache;
+ struct gf_poly *elp;
+ struct gf_poly *poly_2t[4];
+};
+
+struct bch_control *init_bch(int m, int t, unsigned int prim_poly);
+
+void free_bch(struct bch_control *bch);
+
+void encode_bch(struct bch_control *bch, const uint8_t *data,
+ unsigned int len, uint8_t *ecc);
+
+int decode_bch(struct bch_control *bch, const uint8_t *data, unsigned int len,
+ const uint8_t *recv_ecc, const uint8_t *calc_ecc,
+ const unsigned int *syn, unsigned int *errloc);
+
+int encode_bch_ecc_62(void *source_block, size_t source_size,
+ void *target_block, size_t target_size);
+#endif /* _BCH_H */
diff -Naur kobs-ng-1.3.org/src/BootControlBlocks.h kobs-ng-1.3.new/src/BootControlBlocks.h
--- kobs-ng-1.3.org/src/BootControlBlocks.h 2013-11-04 18:36:41.000000000 -0800
+++ kobs-ng-1.3.new/src/BootControlBlocks.h 2014-10-24 20:35:24.340372832 -0700
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
/*
-* Copyright (C) 2010-2011 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+* Copyright (C) 2010-2014 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
*/
/*
@@ -45,6 +45,8 @@
#define BCB_MAGIC_OFFSET 12
+#define MAXSEQLEN 183
+
//==============================================================================
//! \brief NAND Timing structure for setting up the GPMI timing.
@@ -247,6 +249,17 @@
uint32_t m_u32TMTiming1_BusyTimeout;
} FCB_ROM_NAND_TM_Timing_t;
+typedef struct {
+ uint32_t m_u32ONFISpeed;
+ uint32_t m_u32ONFITiming_ReadLatency;
+ uint32_t m_u32ONFITiming_CEDelay;
+ uint32_t m_u32ONFITiming_PreambleDelay;
+ uint32_t m_u32ONFITiming_PostambleDelay;
+ uint32_t m_u32ONFITiming_CmdAddPause;
+ uint32_t m_u32ONFITiming_DataPause;
+ uint32_t m_u32ONFITiming_BusyTimeout;
+} FCB_ROM_NAND_ONFI_Timing_t;
+
struct fcb_block {
FCB_ROM_NAND_Timing_t m_NANDTiming; //!< Optimum timing parameters for Tas, Tds, Tdh in nsec.
uint32_t m_u32PageDataSize; //!< 2048 for 2K pages, 4096 for 4K pages.
@@ -285,6 +298,16 @@
FCB_ROM_NAND_TM_Timing_t m_NANDTMTiming;
uint32_t m_u32DISBBM; /* the flag to enable (1)/disable(0) bi swap */
uint32_t m_u32BBMarkerPhysicalOffsetInSpareData; /* The swap position of main area in spare area */
+
+ uint32_t m_u32OnfiSyncEnable; //!< Enable the Onfi nand sync mode support
+ FCB_ROM_NAND_ONFI_Timing_t m_NANDONFITiming;
+ uint32_t m_u32DISBBSearch; //!< Disable the badblock search when reading the firmware, only using DBBT.
+
+ uint32_t m_u32RandomizerEnable; //!< Enable randomizer support
+ uint32_t reserved[15];
+ uint32_t m_u32ReadRetryEnable; //!< Enable ready retry support
+ uint32_t m_u32ReadRetrySeqLength; //!< Read retry sequence length
+ uint32_t m_u32ReadRetrySeq[MAXSEQLEN]; //!< Read retry sequence length
};
//==============================================================================
diff -Naur kobs-ng-1.3.org/src/main.c kobs-ng-1.3.new/src/main.c
--- kobs-ng-1.3.org/src/main.c 2013-11-04 18:36:41.000000000 -0800
+++ kobs-ng-1.3.new/src/main.c 2014-10-24 20:35:24.344372832 -0700
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
* cb-dump.c - Dump control structures of the NAND
*
* Copyright (c) 2008 by Embedded Alley Solution Inc.
- * Copyright (C) 2010-2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
+ * Copyright (C) 2010-2014 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
*
* Author: Pantelis Antoniou <pantelis@embeddedalley.com>
*
@@ -562,8 +562,8 @@
int ret;
int sz = getpagesize();
- from = open(file_name, O_RDONLY);
- to = open(tmp_file, O_CREAT | O_RDWR);
+ from = open(file_name, O_RDONLY, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR);
+ to = open(tmp_file, O_CREAT | O_RDWR, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR);
if (from < 0 || to < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "unable to create a temporary file\n");
exit(5);
diff -Naur kobs-ng-1.3.org/src/Makefile.am kobs-ng-1.3.new/src/Makefile.am
--- kobs-ng-1.3.org/src/Makefile.am 2013-11-04 18:36:41.000000000 -0800
+++ kobs-ng-1.3.new/src/Makefile.am 2014-10-24 20:35:24.340372832 -0700
@@ -3,6 +3,6 @@
bin_PROGRAMS=kobs-ng
kobs_ng_SOURCES=main.c mtd.c rom_nand_hamming_code_ecc.c ncb.c bootstream.c sha1.c \
- aescrypt.c aeskey.c aestab.c plat_boot_config.c \
+ aescrypt.c aeskey.c aestab.c plat_boot_config.c bch.c \
rom_nand_hamming_code_ecc.h mtd.h BootControlBlocks.h bootstream.h sha.h \
- aes.h aesopt.h plat_boot_config.h
+ aes.h aesopt.h plat_boot_config.h bch.h rand.h
diff -Naur kobs-ng-1.3.org/src/Makefile.in kobs-ng-1.3.new/src/Makefile.in
--- kobs-ng-1.3.org/src/Makefile.in 2013-11-04 18:36:41.000000000 -0800
+++ kobs-ng-1.3.new/src/Makefile.in 2014-10-24 20:35:24.340372832 -0700
@@ -49,7 +49,8 @@
am_kobs_ng_OBJECTS = main.$(OBJEXT) mtd.$(OBJEXT) \
rom_nand_hamming_code_ecc.$(OBJEXT) ncb.$(OBJEXT) \
bootstream.$(OBJEXT) sha1.$(OBJEXT) aescrypt.$(OBJEXT) \
- aeskey.$(OBJEXT) aestab.$(OBJEXT) plat_boot_config.$(OBJEXT)
+ aeskey.$(OBJEXT) aestab.$(OBJEXT) plat_boot_config.$(OBJEXT) \
+ bch.$(OBJEXT)
kobs_ng_OBJECTS = $(am_kobs_ng_OBJECTS)
kobs_ng_LDADD = $(LDADD)
DEFAULT_INCLUDES = -I.@am__isrc@ -I$(top_builddir)/include
@@ -158,9 +159,9 @@
top_srcdir = @top_srcdir@
INCLUDES = -I$(top_srcdir)/include
kobs_ng_SOURCES = main.c mtd.c rom_nand_hamming_code_ecc.c ncb.c bootstream.c sha1.c \
- aescrypt.c aeskey.c aestab.c plat_boot_config.c \
+ aescrypt.c aeskey.c aestab.c plat_boot_config.c bch.c\
rom_nand_hamming_code_ecc.h mtd.h BootControlBlocks.h bootstream.h sha.h \
- aes.h aesopt.h plat_boot_config.h
+ aes.h aesopt.h plat_boot_config.h bch.h rand.h
all: all-am
@@ -233,7 +234,7 @@
clean-binPROGRAMS:
-test -z "$(bin_PROGRAMS)" || rm -f $(bin_PROGRAMS)
-kobs-ng$(EXEEXT): $(kobs_ng_OBJECTS) $(kobs_ng_DEPENDENCIES)
+kobs-ng$(EXEEXT): $(kobs_ng_OBJECTS) $(kobs_ng_DEPENDENCIES)
@rm -f kobs-ng$(EXEEXT)
$(LINK) $(kobs_ng_OBJECTS) $(kobs_ng_LDADD) $(LIBS)
@@ -253,6 +254,7 @@
@AMDEP_TRUE@@am__include@ @am__quote@./$(DEPDIR)/plat_boot_config.Po@am__quote@
@AMDEP_TRUE@@am__include@ @am__quote@./$(DEPDIR)/rom_nand_hamming_code_ecc.Po@am__quote@
@AMDEP_TRUE@@am__include@ @am__quote@./$(DEPDIR)/sha1.Po@am__quote@
+@AMDEP_TRUE@@am__include@ @am__quote@./$(DEPDIR)/bch.Po@am__quote@
.c.o:
@am__fastdepCC_TRUE@ $(COMPILE) -MT $@ -MD -MP -MF $(DEPDIR)/$*.Tpo -c -o $@ $<
diff -Naur kobs-ng-1.3.org/src/mtd.c kobs-ng-1.3.new/src/mtd.c
--- kobs-ng-1.3.org/src/mtd.c 2013-11-04 18:36:41.000000000 -0800
+++ kobs-ng-1.3.new/src/mtd.c 2014-10-24 20:35:24.344372832 -0700
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
/*
* mtd.c - Dump control structures of the NAND
*
- * Copyright 2008-2013 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
+ * Copyright 2008-2014 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
* Copyright (c) 2008 by Embedded Alley Solution Inc.
*
* Author: Pantelis Antoniou <pantelis@embeddedalley.com>
@@ -1455,6 +1455,8 @@
mtd_size(md) - md->fcb.FCB_Block.m_u32Firmware2_startingPage * page_size);
break;
case ROM_Version_3:
+ case ROM_Version_4:
+ case ROM_Version_5:
#undef P3
#define P3(x) printf(" %s = 0x%08x\n", #x, md->fcb.x)
printf("FCB\n");
@@ -1504,6 +1506,26 @@
P3(m_NANDTMTiming.m_u32TMSpeed);
P3(m_NANDTMTiming.m_u32TMTiming1_BusyTimeout);
P3(m_u32DISBBM);
+ P3(m_u32BBMarkerPhysicalOffsetInSpareData);
+
+ if(ROM_Version_3 < plat_config_data->m_u32RomVer) {
+ P3(m_u32OnfiSyncEnable);
+ P3(m_NANDONFITiming.m_u32ONFISpeed);
+ P3(m_NANDONFITiming.m_u32ONFITiming_ReadLatency);
+ P3(m_NANDONFITiming.m_u32ONFITiming_CEDelay);
+ P3(m_NANDONFITiming.m_u32ONFITiming_PreambleDelay);
+ P3(m_NANDONFITiming.m_u32ONFITiming_PostambleDelay);
+ P3(m_NANDONFITiming.m_u32ONFITiming_CmdAddPause);
+ P3(m_NANDONFITiming.m_u32ONFITiming_DataPause);
+ P3(m_NANDONFITiming.m_u32ONFITiming_BusyTimeout);
+ P3(m_u32DISBBSearch);
+ }
+
+ if(ROM_Version_4 < plat_config_data->m_u32RomVer) {
+ P3(m_u32RandomizerEnable);
+ P3(m_u32ReadRetryEnable);
+ P3(m_u32ReadRetrySeqLength);
+ }
#undef P3
#define P3(x) printf(" %s = 0x%08x\n", #x, md->dbbt50.x)
printf("DBBT\n");
@@ -1652,6 +1674,7 @@
b->m_u32BadBlockMarkerStartBit = geo->block_mark_bit_offset;
b->m_u32BBMarkerPhysicalOffset = mtd_writesize(md);
b->m_u32BCHType = 0;
+
return 0;
}
@@ -2877,6 +2900,47 @@
return write_boot_stream(md, fp);
}
+int v5_rom_mtd_commit_structures(struct mtd_data *md, FILE *fp, int flags)
+{
+ int size, i, r, chip = 0;
+ loff_t ofs;
+ struct mtd_config *cfg = &md->cfg;
+
+ /* [1] Write the FCB search area. */
+ size = mtd_writesize(md) + mtd_oobsize(md);
+ memset(md->buf, 0, size);
+ r = fcb_encrypt(&md->fcb, md->buf, size, 2);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ mtd_commit_bcb(md, "FCB", 0, 0, 0, 1, size, false);
+
+ /* [2] Write the DBBT search area. */
+ memset(md->buf, 0, mtd_writesize(md));
+ memcpy(md->buf, &(md->dbbt50), sizeof(md->dbbt50));
+ mtd_commit_bcb(md, "DBBT", 1, 1, 1, 1, mtd_writesize(md), true);
+
+ /* Write the DBBT table area. */
+ memset(md->buf, 0, mtd_writesize(md));
+ if (md->dbbt50.DBBT_Block.v3.m_u32DBBTNumOfPages > 0 && md->bbtn[0] != NULL) {
+ memcpy(md->buf, md->bbtn[0], sizeof(*md->bbtn[0]));
+
+ ofs = cfg->search_area_size_in_bytes;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < 4; i++, ofs += cfg->stride_size_in_bytes) {
+ vp(md, "mtd: PUTTING down DBBT%d BBTN%d @0x%llx (0x%x)\n",
+ i, 0, ofs + 4 * mtd_writesize(md), mtd_writesize(md));
+
+ r = mtd_write_page(md, chip, ofs + 4 * mtd_writesize(md), 1);
+ if (r != mtd_writesize(md)) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "mtd: Failed to write BBTN @0x%llx (%d)\n", ofs, r);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* [3] Write the two boot streams. */
+ return write_boot_stream(md, fp);
+}
#undef ARG
#define ARG(x) { .name = #x , .offset = offsetof(struct mtd_config, x), .ignore = false, }
#define ARG_IGNORE(x) { .name = #x , .offset = offsetof(struct mtd_config, x), .ignore = true, }
diff -Naur kobs-ng-1.3.org/src/mtd.h kobs-ng-1.3.new/src/mtd.h
--- kobs-ng-1.3.org/src/mtd.h 2013-11-04 18:36:41.000000000 -0800
+++ kobs-ng-1.3.new/src/mtd.h 2014-10-24 20:35:24.344372832 -0700
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
/*
* mtd.c - Dump control structures of the NAND
*
-* Copyright 2008-2011 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
+* Copyright 2008-2014 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
* Copyright (c) 2008 by Embedded Alley Solution Inc.
*
* Author: Pantelis Antoniou <pantelis@embeddedalley.com>
@@ -211,7 +211,9 @@
ROM_Version_0 = 0, /* e.g., i.MX23 */
ROM_Version_1 = 1, /* e.g., i.MX28 */
ROM_Version_2 = 2, /* e.g., i.MX53 */
- ROM_Version_3 = 3, /* e.g., i.MX50 */
+ ROM_Version_3 = 3, /* e.g., i.MX50, iMX6dqsl */
+ ROM_Version_4 = 4, /* e.g., i.MX6sx */
+ ROM_Version_5 = 5, /* e.g., i.MX6sx TO1.2*/
};
static inline int mtd_pages_per_block(struct mtd_data *md)
@@ -291,6 +293,7 @@
int v2_rom_mtd_commit_structures(struct mtd_data *md, FILE *fp, int flags);
int v3_rom_mtd_commit_structures(struct mtd_data *md, FILE *fp, int flags);
int v4_rom_mtd_commit_structures(struct mtd_data *md, FILE *fp, int flags);
+int v5_rom_mtd_commit_structures(struct mtd_data *md, FILE *fp, int flags);
int mtd_set_ecc_mode(struct mtd_data *md, int ecc);
diff -Naur kobs-ng-1.3.org/src/ncb.c kobs-ng-1.3.new/src/ncb.c
--- kobs-ng-1.3.org/src/ncb.c 2013-11-04 18:36:41.000000000 -0800
+++ kobs-ng-1.3.new/src/ncb.c 2014-10-24 20:35:32.684372507 -0700
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
/*
* ncb.c - verify and encode NCB
*
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
* Copyright (c) 2008 by Embedded Alley Solution Inc.
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
@@ -29,6 +30,9 @@
#include "mtd.h"
#include "config.h"
#include "rom_nand_hamming_code_ecc.h"
+#include "bch.h"
+
+#define MAX_HAMMING_FCB_SZ 220
static inline int even_number_of_1s(uint8_t byte)
{
@@ -365,12 +369,12 @@
uint32_t accumulator;
uint8_t *p;
uint8_t *q;
+ int fcb_size;
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// Check for nonsense.
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
- assert(version == 1);
assert(size >= sizeof(BCB_ROM_BootBlockStruct_t));
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -402,6 +406,8 @@
fcb->m_u32Checksum = accumulator;
+ fcb_size = MAX_HAMMING_FCB_SZ < sizeof(*fcb) ? MAX_HAMMING_FCB_SZ : sizeof(*fcb);
+
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// Compute the ECC bytes.
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -412,7 +418,9 @@
memcpy(target, fcb, sizeof(*fcb));
return size;
case 1:
- return encode_hamming_code_13_8(fcb, sizeof(*fcb), target, size);
+ return encode_hamming_code_13_8(fcb, fcb_size, target, size);
+ case 2:
+ return encode_bch_ecc_62(fcb, sizeof(*fcb), target, size);
default:
fprintf(stderr, "FCB version == %d? Something is wrong!\n", version);
return -EINVAL;
diff -Naur kobs-ng-1.3.org/src/plat_boot_config.c kobs-ng-1.3.new/src/plat_boot_config.c
--- kobs-ng-1.3.org/src/plat_boot_config.c 2013-11-04 18:36:41.000000000 -0800
+++ kobs-ng-1.3.new/src/plat_boot_config.c 2014-10-24 20:35:32.684372507 -0700
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
/*
-* Copyright (C) 2010-2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+* Copyright (C) 2010-2014 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
*/
/*
@@ -105,12 +105,39 @@
.rom_mtd_commit_structures = v4_rom_mtd_commit_structures,
};
+static platform_config mx6sx_boot_config = {
+ .m_u32RomVer = ROM_Version_4,
+ .m_u32EnDISBBM = 0,
+ .m_u32EnBootStreamVerify = 0,
+ .m_u32UseNfcGeo = 0,
+ .m_u32UseMultiBootArea = 0,
+ .m_u32UseSinglePageStride = 0,
+ .m_u32DBBT_FingerPrint = DBBT_FINGERPRINT2,
+ .rom_mtd_init = v4_rom_mtd_init,
+ .rom_mtd_commit_structures = v4_rom_mtd_commit_structures,
+};
+
+static platform_config mx6sx_to_1_2_boot_config = {
+ .m_u32RomVer = ROM_Version_5,
+ .m_u32EnDISBBM = 0,
+ .m_u32EnBootStreamVerify = 0,
+ .m_u32UseNfcGeo = 0,
+ .m_u32UseMultiBootArea = 0,
+ .m_u32UseSinglePageStride = 0,
+ .m_u32DBBT_FingerPrint = DBBT_FINGERPRINT2,
+ .rom_mtd_init = v4_rom_mtd_init,
+ .rom_mtd_commit_structures = v5_rom_mtd_commit_structures,
+};
+
int discover_boot_rom_version(void)
{
FILE *cpuinfo;
+ FILE *soc_id;
+ FILE *revision;
char line_buffer[100];
static char *banner = "Revision";
static char *banner_hw = "Hardware";
+ static char *plat_imx6sx = "i.MX6SX";
char *rev;
int system_rev, hw_system_rev = 0;
@@ -147,6 +174,9 @@
}
rev = index(line_buffer, ':');
+
+ /*check soc_id and revision for mx6sx*/
+
if (rev != NULL) {
rev++;
system_rev = strtoul(rev, NULL, 16);
@@ -178,6 +208,24 @@
case MX6Q:
case MX6DL:
plat_config_data = &mx6q_boot_config;
+ soc_id = fopen("/sys/devices/soc0/soc_id", "r");
+ if (!soc_id) {
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ fgets(line_buffer, sizeof(line_buffer), soc_id);
+
+ if (!strncmp(line_buffer, plat_imx6sx, strlen(plat_imx6sx))) {
+ revision = fopen("/sys/devices/soc0/revision", "r");
+ if (!revision) {
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ fgets(line_buffer, sizeof(line_buffer), revision);
+ if (!strncmp(line_buffer, "1.0", strlen("1.0")) ||
+ !strncmp(line_buffer, "1.1", strlen("1.1")))
+ plat_config_data = &mx6sx_boot_config;
+ if (!strncmp(line_buffer, "1.2", strlen("1.2")))
+ plat_config_data = &mx6sx_to_1_2_boot_config;
+ }
break;
default:
diff -Naur kobs-ng-1.3.org/src/rand.h kobs-ng-1.3.new/src/rand.h
--- kobs-ng-1.3.org/src/rand.h 1969-12-31 16:00:00.000000000 -0800
+++ kobs-ng-1.3.new/src/rand.h 2014-10-24 20:35:24.344372832 -0700
@@ -0,0 +1,1107 @@
+/*
+* Copyright (C) 2014 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+*/
+
+/*
+* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+* (at your option) any later version.
+*
+* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+* GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+* with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+* 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+*/
+
+#ifndef RAND_H_
+#define RAND_H_
+
+unsigned char RandData[]={
+ 0x2b, 0xd4, 0xd2, 0x2d, 0x55, 0xaa, 0xac, 0x53,
+ 0xab, 0x54, 0xd5, 0x2a, 0xd3, 0x2c, 0xad, 0x52,
+ 0x33, 0xcc, 0x34, 0xcb, 0xaa, 0x55, 0x2d, 0xd2,
+ 0x4c, 0xb3, 0xd2, 0x2d, 0xb3, 0x4c, 0x35, 0xca,
+ 0xb4, 0x4b, 0x35, 0xca, 0x34, 0xcb, 0xb2, 0x4d,
+ 0x35, 0xca, 0xb2, 0x4d, 0xad, 0x52, 0xcb, 0x34,
+ 0xad, 0x52, 0x4b, 0xb4, 0x52, 0xad, 0x52, 0xad,
+ 0x52, 0xad, 0x4a, 0xb5, 0xb2, 0x4d, 0x4d, 0xb2,
+ 0x32, 0xcd, 0x4a, 0xb5, 0xb4, 0x4b, 0x4b, 0xb4,
+ 0x2c, 0xd3, 0xaa, 0x55, 0x55, 0xaa, 0x2a, 0xd5,
+ 0x2a, 0xd5, 0xcc, 0x33, 0x33, 0xcc, 0xd4, 0x2b,
+ 0xcb, 0x34, 0x33, 0xcc, 0x4c, 0xb3, 0xb4, 0x4b,
+ 0xcd, 0x32, 0x33, 0xcc, 0x54, 0xab, 0x4a, 0xb5,
+ 0xcc, 0x33, 0xb3, 0x4c, 0x33, 0xcc, 0x2a, 0xd5,
+ 0xcc, 0x33, 0x2b, 0xd4, 0x2c, 0xd3, 0x34, 0xcb,
+ 0x4c, 0xb3, 0x34, 0xcb, 0x4a, 0xb5, 0x32, 0xcd,
+ 0x54, 0xab, 0xd2, 0x2d, 0xb5, 0x4a, 0xb3, 0x4c,
+ 0xb3, 0x4c, 0xd5, 0x2a, 0xd5, 0x2a, 0x2b, 0xd4,
+ 0x34, 0xcb, 0xd4, 0x2b, 0x4b, 0xb4, 0xb4, 0x4b,
+ 0x4d, 0xb2, 0xb4, 0x4b, 0x55, 0xaa, 0x4a, 0xb5,
+ 0x54, 0xab, 0xca, 0x35, 0x33, 0xcc, 0xaa, 0x55,
+ 0x33, 0xcc, 0x32, 0xcd, 0x2c, 0xd3, 0x2c, 0xd3,
+ 0xac, 0x53, 0x33, 0xcc, 0xca, 0x35, 0x35, 0xca,
+ 0xd2, 0x2d, 0xd3, 0x2c, 0x2d, 0xd2, 0x52, 0xad,
+ 0xca, 0x35, 0x55, 0xaa, 0xaa, 0x55, 0xcd, 0x32,
+ 0x2d, 0xd2, 0xcc, 0x33, 0xb3, 0x4c, 0x53, 0xac,
+ 0xca, 0x35, 0x33, 0xcc, 0xd4, 0x2b, 0xcd, 0x32,
+ 0xcd, 0x32, 0xb3, 0x4c, 0xab, 0x54, 0x53, 0xac,
+ 0xcc, 0x33, 0xab, 0x54, 0xd3, 0x2c, 0x2d, 0xd2,
+ 0x4c, 0xb3, 0x2c, 0xd3, 0xaa, 0x55, 0x35, 0xca,
+ 0xd4, 0x2b, 0xd5, 0x2a, 0x33, 0xcc, 0xb2, 0x4d,
+ 0x2b, 0xd4, 0x34, 0xcb, 0xac, 0x53, 0xab, 0x54,
+ 0x4b, 0xb4, 0x32, 0xcd, 0x52, 0xad, 0xac, 0x53,
+ 0xb5, 0x4a, 0x53, 0xac, 0xd2, 0x2d, 0xcd, 0x32,
+ 0xd5, 0x2a, 0x4d, 0xb2, 0xaa, 0x55, 0xd3, 0x2c,
+ 0xab, 0x54, 0xcb, 0x34, 0xd3, 0x2c, 0xb5, 0x4a,
+ 0x53, 0xac, 0x32, 0xcd, 0x2a, 0xd5, 0x2a, 0xd5,
+ 0xb2, 0x4d, 0xd3, 0x2c, 0x2b, 0xd4, 0x54, 0xab,
+ 0xd4, 0x2b, 0xb5, 0x4a, 0x4b, 0xb4, 0xac, 0x53,
+ 0x2b, 0xd4, 0xaa, 0x55, 0xd5, 0x2a, 0xad, 0x52,
+ 0x2b, 0xd4, 0xcc, 0x33, 0xab, 0x54, 0xad, 0x52,
+ 0xcb, 0x34, 0xb3, 0x4c, 0xb3, 0x4c, 0xad, 0x52,
+ 0xcd, 0x32, 0x2b, 0xd4, 0xb4, 0x4b, 0x4d, 0xb2,
+ 0x4c, 0xb3, 0xb4, 0x4b, 0xb5, 0x4a, 0x2b, 0xd4,
+ 0x54, 0xab, 0xca, 0x35, 0x55, 0xaa, 0xb4, 0x4b,
+ 0x33, 0xcc, 0xd2, 0x2d, 0x53, 0xac, 0x2a, 0xd5,
+ 0xac, 0x53, 0x35, 0xca, 0x32, 0xcd, 0x34, 0xcb,
+ 0x32, 0xcd, 0x52, 0xad, 0x4c, 0xb3, 0x52, 0xad,
+ 0xac, 0x53, 0x2d, 0xd2, 0xb4, 0x4b, 0x2d, 0xd2,
+ 0xb2, 0x4d, 0xb5, 0x4a, 0xb5, 0x4a, 0x55, 0xaa,
+ 0x34, 0xcb, 0xca, 0x35, 0x35, 0xca, 0xac, 0x53,
+ 0x2d, 0xd2, 0xd2, 0x2d, 0xcd, 0x32, 0x4d, 0xb2,
+ 0xaa, 0x55, 0x55, 0xaa, 0xac, 0x53, 0xcb, 0x34,
+ 0x33, 0xcc, 0x2c, 0xd3, 0x52, 0xad, 0x32, 0xcd,
+ 0xcc, 0x33, 0x55, 0xaa, 0xb2, 0x4d, 0x33, 0xcc,
+ 0x2c, 0xd3, 0x4c, 0xb3, 0xd4, 0x2b, 0x33, 0xcc,
+ 0xca, 0x35, 0xab, 0x54, 0xcb, 0x34, 0xd3, 0x2c,
+ 0x4d, 0xb2, 0xac, 0x53, 0xcd, 0x32, 0x55, 0xaa,
+ 0xd4, 0x2b, 0x4d, 0xb2, 0x2c, 0xd3, 0xac, 0x53,
+ 0xab, 0x54, 0x2b, 0xd4, 0xca, 0x35, 0xad, 0x52,
+ 0x53, 0xac, 0xd4, 0x2b, 0xad, 0x52, 0x2d, 0xd2,
+ 0x52, 0xad, 0x54, 0xab, 0xb2, 0x4d, 0x55, 0xaa,
+ 0x52, 0xad, 0x4c, 0xb3, 0x34, 0xcb, 0x4c, 0xb3,
+ 0xd2, 0x2d, 0xab, 0x54, 0xcd, 0x32, 0x4b, 0xb4,
+ 0x4a, 0xb5, 0x4c, 0xb3, 0x4c, 0xb3, 0xca, 0x35,
+ 0xd5, 0x2a, 0x2b, 0xd4, 0x34, 0xcb, 0xd2, 0x2d,
+ 0x4b, 0xb4, 0xb4, 0x4b, 0xad, 0x52, 0xb5, 0x4a,
+ 0x55, 0xaa, 0x4a, 0xb5, 0x32, 0xcd, 0xca, 0x35,
+ 0x33, 0xcc, 0x4a, 0xb5, 0x2c, 0xd3, 0x32, 0xcd,
+ 0x2c, 0xd3, 0x2a, 0xd5, 0xaa, 0x55, 0x33, 0xcc,
+ 0x2a, 0xd5, 0xd4, 0x2b, 0xd3, 0x2c, 0xd3, 0x2c,
+ 0x4b, 0xb4, 0x34, 0xcb, 0xca, 0x35, 0xb5, 0x4a,
+ 0x55, 0xaa, 0xd2, 0x2d, 0x2d, 0xd2, 0xca, 0x35,
+ 0xb3, 0x4c, 0x55, 0xaa, 0x2a, 0xd5, 0x32, 0xcd,
+ 0x34, 0xcb, 0xcc, 0x33, 0xab, 0x54, 0xb3, 0x4c,
+ 0xcd, 0x32, 0xb3, 0x4c, 0xd3, 0x2c, 0x4b, 0xb4,
+ 0xcc, 0x33, 0x2b, 0xd4, 0x4a, 0xb5, 0x2a, 0xd5,
+ 0x4c, 0xb3, 0xd4, 0x2b, 0x35, 0xca, 0x34, 0xcb,
+ 0x54, 0xab, 0xd4, 0x2b, 0x4d, 0xb2, 0xb2, 0x4d,
+ 0x53, 0xac, 0x54, 0xab, 0xb4, 0x4b, 0x2b, 0xd4,
+ 0x52, 0xad, 0xac, 0x53, 0x55, 0xaa, 0x54, 0xab,
+ 0xd2, 0x2d, 0xcd, 0x32, 0x53, 0xac, 0x4c, 0xb3,
+ 0xaa, 0x55, 0x33, 0xcc, 0xd2, 0x2d, 0xcb, 0x34,
+ 0xd3, 0x2c, 0x53, 0xac, 0x4a, 0xb5, 0x32, 0xcd,
+ 0xca, 0x35, 0xcd, 0x32, 0xb5, 0x4a, 0xd3, 0x2c,
+ 0xad, 0x52, 0xd3, 0x2c, 0xd5, 0x2a, 0x55, 0xaa,
+ 0xd2, 0x2d, 0xd5, 0x2a, 0x2b, 0xd4, 0x4c, 0xb3,
+ 0x2a, 0xd5, 0xb4, 0x4b, 0xcb, 0x34, 0xcb, 0x34,
+ 0x4b, 0xb4, 0xaa, 0x55, 0x4d, 0xb2, 0xb2, 0x4d,
+ 0x35, 0xca, 0x4c, 0xb3, 0xb4, 0x4b, 0xcb, 0x34,
+ 0xcd, 0x32, 0xab, 0x54, 0x55, 0xaa, 0x52, 0xad,
+ 0x4c, 0xb3, 0xcc, 0x33, 0xb3, 0x4c, 0x2d, 0xd2,
+ 0xd4, 0x2b, 0x33, 0xcc, 0xb4, 0x4b, 0xb5, 0x4a,
+ 0xcb, 0x34, 0xb3, 0x4c, 0x35, 0xca, 0xaa, 0x55,
+ 0xcd, 0x32, 0xcb, 0x34, 0x2d, 0xd2, 0x4c, 0xb3,
+ 0x4c, 0xb3, 0x52, 0xad, 0xca, 0x35, 0x2b, 0xd4,
+ 0xb4, 0x4b, 0xcd, 0x32, 0x4d, 0xb2, 0xb4, 0x4b,
+ 0xb5, 0x4a, 0x53, 0xac, 0x54, 0xab, 0xca, 0x35,
+ 0xd5, 0x2a, 0xad, 0x52, 0x33, 0xcc, 0xd2, 0x2d,
+ 0xab, 0x54, 0x2d, 0xd2, 0xac, 0x53, 0xb5, 0x4a,
+ 0xb3, 0x4c, 0x35, 0xca, 0x32, 0xcd, 0x2a, 0xd5,
+ 0x34, 0xcb, 0x52, 0xad, 0x2c, 0xd3, 0xb4, 0x4b,
+ 0xad, 0x52, 0x2d, 0xd2, 0x4a, 0xb5, 0x4a, 0xb5,
+ 0xb2, 0x4d, 0xd5, 0x2a, 0x35, 0xca, 0x4a, 0xb5,
+ 0x34, 0xcb, 0xd4, 0x2b, 0x2d, 0xd2, 0xaa, 0x55,
+ 0x4d, 0xb2, 0x54, 0xab, 0x2a, 0xd5, 0x4c, 0xb3,
+ 0x54, 0xab, 0xcc, 0x33, 0xcb, 0x34, 0xab, 0x54,
+ 0xd3, 0x2c, 0xb3, 0x4c, 0x4d, 0xb2, 0x2c, 0xd3,
+ 0xca, 0x35, 0x4b, 0xb4, 0xd4, 0x2b, 0xd5, 0x2a,
+ 0x4d, 0xb2, 0xaa, 0x55, 0x2b, 0xd4, 0x54, 0xab,
+ 0x34, 0xcb, 0xac, 0x53, 0x4b, 0xb4, 0xac, 0x53,
+ 0xcd, 0x32, 0xad, 0x52, 0xd5, 0x2a, 0x4d, 0xb2,
+ 0xac, 0x53, 0xcd, 0x32, 0xab, 0x54, 0x2b, 0xd4,
+ 0xb2, 0x4d, 0xb3, 0x4c, 0x53, 0xac, 0x54, 0xab,
+ 0xd4, 0x2b, 0x2b, 0xd4, 0x52, 0xad, 0xac, 0x53,
+ 0x4b, 0xb4, 0x54, 0xab, 0xd2, 0x2d, 0xad, 0x52,
+ 0x55, 0xaa, 0x4c, 0xb3, 0xaa, 0x55, 0xcd, 0x32,
+ 0xd3, 0x2c, 0xcb, 0x34, 0xb3, 0x4c, 0x33, 0xcc,
+ 0x4a, 0xb5, 0x32, 0xcd, 0xd4, 0x2b, 0xd3, 0x2c,
+ 0xb5, 0x4a, 0xb3, 0x4c, 0xcb, 0x34, 0xd5, 0x2a,
+ 0xd5, 0x2a, 0xab, 0x54, 0x2d, 0xd2, 0xd4, 0x2b,
+ 0x4b, 0xb4, 0x4c, 0xb3, 0x4a, 0xb5, 0xb4, 0x4b,
+ 0xd5, 0x2a, 0xcb, 0x34, 0x55, 0xaa, 0xca, 0x35,
+ 0x4b, 0xb4, 0xd2, 0x2d, 0x33, 0xcc, 0xb2, 0x4d,
+ 0xb5, 0x4a, 0x35, 0xca, 0xac, 0x53, 0xcb, 0x34,
+ 0x35, 0xca, 0x32, 0xcd, 0x52, 0xad, 0xd2, 0x2d,
+ 0xad, 0x52, 0x53, 0xac, 0xb2, 0x4d, 0x55, 0xaa,
+ 0xd2, 0x2d, 0x4d, 0xb2, 0x34, 0xcb, 0x4c, 0xb3,
+ 0xaa, 0x55, 0xab, 0x54, 0xcd, 0x32, 0xcb, 0x34,
+ 0x53, 0xac, 0x4c, 0xb3, 0x4c, 0xb3, 0x32, 0xcd,
+ 0xd2, 0x2d, 0x2b, 0xd4, 0xb4, 0x4b, 0x53, 0xac,
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