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| <a name="thread.parallel"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html" title="Parallel - Fork-Join -- EXPERIMENTAL">Parallel - Fork-Join -- EXPERIMENTAL</a> |
| </h2></div></div></div> |
| <div class="toc"><dl class="toc"> |
| <dt><span class="section"><a href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.fork_join">Fork-Join</a></span></dt> |
| <dt><span class="section"><a href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.ref">Reference -- EXPERIMENTAL</a></span></dt> |
| </dl></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.parallel.fork_join"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.fork_join" title="Fork-Join">Fork-Join</a> |
| </h3></div></div></div> |
| <div class="toc"><dl class="toc"> |
| <dt><span class="section"><a href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.fork_join.introduction">Introduction</a></span></dt> |
| <dt><span class="section"><a href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.fork_join.tutorial">Tutorial</a></span></dt> |
| <dt><span class="section"><a href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.fork_join.examples">Examples</a></span></dt> |
| <dt><span class="section"><a href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.fork_join.rationale">Design Rationale</a></span></dt> |
| </dl></div> |
| <div class="warning"><table border="0" summary="Warning"> |
| <tr> |
| <td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Warning]" src="../../../doc/src/images/warning.png"></td> |
| <th align="left">Warning</th> |
| </tr> |
| <tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p> |
| These features are experimental and subject to change in future versions. |
| There are not too much tests yet, so it is possible that you can find out |
| some trivial bugs :( |
| </p></td></tr> |
| </table></div> |
| <div class="note"><table border="0" summary="Note"> |
| <tr> |
| <td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="../../../doc/src/images/note.png"></td> |
| <th align="left">Note</th> |
| </tr> |
| <tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p> |
| These features are based on the <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2014/n4088.pdf" target="_top"><span class="bold"><strong>n4088 - Task Region R3</strong></span></a> C++1y proposal from |
| P. Halpern, A. Robison, A. Laksberg, H. Sutter, et al. The text that follows |
| has been adapted from this paper to show the differences. |
| </p></td></tr> |
| </table></div> |
| <p> |
| The major difference respect to the standard proposal is that we are able |
| to use a common executor for several task regions. |
| </p> |
| <div class="note"><table border="0" summary="Note"> |
| <tr> |
| <td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="../../../doc/src/images/note.png"></td> |
| <th align="left">Note</th> |
| </tr> |
| <tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p> |
| Up to now, Boost.Thread doesn't implement the parallel algorithms as defined |
| in <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2014/n4105.pdf" target="_top"><span class="bold"><strong>n4105 - Information technology – Programming languages, their |
| environments and system software interfaces – Technical Specification |
| for C++ Extensions for Parallelism</strong></span></a>. |
| </p></td></tr> |
| </table></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.parallel.fork_join.introduction"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.fork_join.introduction" title="Introduction">Introduction</a> |
| </h4></div></div></div> |
| <p> |
| This module introduces a C++11/c++14 library function template <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">task_region</span></code> and a library class <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">task_region_handle</span></code> with member functions |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">run</span></code> and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">wait</span></code> |
| that together enable developers to write expressive and portable fork-join |
| parallel code. |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| The working draft for the Parallelism TS <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2014/n4105.pdf" target="_top"><span class="bold"><strong>N4105</strong></span></a> augments the STL algorithms with the |
| inclusion of parallel execution policies. Programmers use these as a basis |
| to write additional high-level algorithms that can be implemented in terms |
| of the provided parallel algorithms. However, the scope of n4105 does not |
| include lower-level mechanisms to express arbitrary fork-join parallelism |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| The <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">task_region</span></code>, <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">run</span></code> and the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">wait</span></code> |
| functions provided by this library are based on the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">task_group</span></code> |
| concept that is a part of the common subset of the PPL and the TBB libraries. |
| </p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.parallel.fork_join.tutorial"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.fork_join.tutorial" title="Tutorial">Tutorial</a> |
| </h4></div></div></div> |
| <p> |
| Consider an example of a parallel traversal of a tree, where a user-provided |
| function compute is applied to each node of the tree, returning the sum |
| of the results: |
| </p> |
| <pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Func</span><span class="special">></span> |
| <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">traverse</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">node</span> <span class="special">*</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Func</span><span class="special">&&</span> <span class="identifier">compute</span><span class="special">)</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">left</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">right</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="identifier">task_region</span><span class="special">([&](</span><span class="identifier">task_region_handle</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">tr</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">left</span><span class="special">)</span> |
| <span class="identifier">tr</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">run</span><span class="special">([&]</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="identifier">left</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">traverse</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">left</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">compute</span><span class="special">);</span> <span class="special">});</span> |
| <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">right</span><span class="special">)</span> |
| <span class="identifier">tr</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">run</span><span class="special">([&]</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="identifier">right</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">traverse</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">right</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">compute</span><span class="special">);</span> <span class="special">});</span> |
| <span class="special">});</span> |
| <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">compute</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">+</span> <span class="identifier">left</span> <span class="special">+</span> <span class="identifier">right</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> |
| </pre> |
| <p> |
| The example above demonstrates the use of two of the functions proposed |
| in this paper, <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">task_region</span></code> |
| and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">task_region_handle</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">run</span></code>. |
| The <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">task_region</span></code> function |
| delineates a region in a program code potentially containing invocations |
| of tasks spawned by the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">run</span></code> |
| member function of the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">task_region_handle</span></code> |
| class. |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| The run function spawns a task, a unit of work that is allowed to execute |
| in parallel with respect to the caller. Any parallel tasks spawned by |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">run</span></code> within the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">task_region</span></code> are joined back to a single |
| thread of execution at the end of the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">task_region</span></code>. |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">run</span></code> takes a user-provided |
| function object <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">f</span></code> and starts |
| it asynchronously - i.e. it may return before the execution of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">f</span></code> completes. The implementation's scheduler |
| may choose to run <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">f</span></code> immediately |
| or delay running <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">f</span></code> until |
| compute resources become available. |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| A <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">task_region_handle</span></code> can |
| be constructed only by <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">task_region</span></code> |
| because it has no public constructors. Thus, <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">run</span></code> |
| can be invoked (directly or indirectly) only from a user-provided function |
| passed to <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">task_region</span></code>: |
| </p> |
| <pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">g</span><span class="special">();</span> |
| <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">f</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">task_region_handle</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">tr</span><span class="special">)</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="identifier">tr</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">run</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">g</span><span class="special">);</span> <span class="comment">// OK, invoked from within task_region in h</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> |
| <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">h</span><span class="special">()</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="identifier">task_region</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">f</span><span class="special">);</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">main</span><span class="special">()</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="identifier">task_region_handle</span> <span class="identifier">tr</span><span class="special">;</span> <span class="comment">// Error: no public constructor</span> |
| <span class="identifier">tr</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">run</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">g</span><span class="special">);</span> <span class="comment">// No way to call run outside of a task_region</span> |
| <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> |
| </pre> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.parallel.fork_join.examples"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.fork_join.examples" title="Examples">Examples</a> |
| </h4></div></div></div> |
| <div class="toc"><dl class="toc"> |
| <dt><span class="section"><a href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.fork_join.examples.fib">Parallel |
| Fibonacci</a></span></dt> |
| <dt><span class="section"><a href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.fork_join.examples.fibex">Parallel |
| Fibonacci - Specific executor</a></span></dt> |
| <dt><span class="section"><a href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.fork_join.examples.quick_sort">Parallel |
| Accumulate</a></span></dt> |
| <dt><span class="section"><a href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.fork_join.examples.quick_sort0">Parallel |
| Quick Sort</a></span></dt> |
| </dl></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.parallel.fork_join.examples.fib"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.fork_join.examples.fib" title="Parallel Fibonacci">Parallel |
| Fibonacci</a> |
| </h5></div></div></div> |
| <p> |
| This is surely the worst implementation of the Fibonacci function. Anyway, |
| here it is, as it is simple and shows the fork-join structure clearly. |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Fibonacci</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">Fibonacci</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="number">1</span><span class="special">)</span> |
| <span class="special">+</span> <span class="identifier">Fibonacci</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="number">2</span><span class="special">)</span></code>, |
| so the task decomposition is trivial. |
| </p> |
| <pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">fib_task_region</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">)</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">experimental</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">parallel</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">task_region</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">experimental</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">parallel</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">task_region_handle</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">n</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">n</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="number">1</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">1</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">n1</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">n2</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="identifier">task_region</span><span class="special">([&](</span><span class="identifier">task_region_handle</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">trh</span><span class="special">)</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="identifier">trh</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">run</span><span class="special">([&]</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="identifier">n1</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">fib_task_region</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">n</span> <span class="special">-</span> <span class="number">1</span><span class="special">);</span> |
| <span class="special">});</span> |
| |
| <span class="identifier">n2</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">fib_task_region</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">n</span> <span class="special">-</span> <span class="number">2</span><span class="special">);</span> |
| <span class="special">});</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">n1</span> <span class="special">+</span> <span class="identifier">n2</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">main</span><span class="special">()</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">for</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">i</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">;</span> <span class="identifier">i</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="number">10</span><span class="special">;</span> <span class="special">++</span><span class="identifier">i</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">fib_task_region</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">i</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">" "</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> |
| <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">endl</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> |
| </pre> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.parallel.fork_join.examples.fibex"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.fork_join.examples.fibex" title="Parallel Fibonacci - Specific executor">Parallel |
| Fibonacci - Specific executor</a> |
| </h5></div></div></div> |
| <p> |
| The previous example make use of an implementation defined way to spawn |
| the tasks. Often the user wants to master how the task must be spawned. |
| There is an overload of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">task_region</span></code> |
| that accept an additional <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Executor</span></code> |
| parameter and a function that takes as parameter a <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">task_region_handle_gen</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Executor</span><span class="special">></span></code>. <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">task_region_handle_gen</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Executor</span><span class="special">></span></code> run uses this executor to spawn the |
| tasks. |
| </p> |
| <pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">Ex</span><span class="special">></span> |
| <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">fib_task_region_gen</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">Ex</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">ex</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">)</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">experimental</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">parallel</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">task_region</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">experimental</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">parallel</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">task_region_handle_gen</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">n</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">n</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="number">1</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">1</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">n1</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">n2</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="identifier">task_region</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">ex</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="special">[&](</span><span class="identifier">task_region_handle_gen</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Ex</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">trh</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="comment">// (2)</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="identifier">trh</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">run</span><span class="special">([&]</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="identifier">n1</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">fib_task_region</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">n</span> <span class="special">-</span> <span class="number">1</span><span class="special">);</span> |
| <span class="special">});</span> |
| |
| <span class="identifier">n2</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">fib_task_region</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">n</span> <span class="special">-</span> <span class="number">2</span><span class="special">);</span> |
| <span class="special">});</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">n1</span> <span class="special">+</span> <span class="identifier">n2</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">main</span><span class="special">()</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">basic_thread_pool</span> <span class="identifier">tp</span><span class="special">;</span> <span class="comment">// (1)</span> |
| <span class="keyword">for</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">i</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">;</span> <span class="identifier">i</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="number">10</span><span class="special">;</span> <span class="special">++</span><span class="identifier">i</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">fib_task_region_gen</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">tp</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">i</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">" "</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> |
| <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">endl</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> |
| </pre> |
| <p> |
| The specific executor is declared in line (1) and it is used in line |
| (2). |
| </p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.parallel.fork_join.examples.quick_sort"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.fork_join.examples.quick_sort" title="Parallel Accumulate">Parallel |
| Accumulate</a> |
| </h5></div></div></div></div> |
| <div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.parallel.fork_join.examples.quick_sort0"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.fork_join.examples.quick_sort0" title="Parallel Quick Sort">Parallel |
| Quick Sort</a> |
| </h5></div></div></div></div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.parallel.fork_join.rationale"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.fork_join.rationale" title="Design Rationale">Design Rationale</a> |
| </h4></div></div></div></div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.parallel.ref"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.ref" title="Reference -- EXPERIMENTAL">Reference -- EXPERIMENTAL</a> |
| </h3></div></div></div> |
| <div class="toc"><dl class="toc"> |
| <dt><span class="section"><a href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.ref.v1">Parallel V1</a></span></dt> |
| <dt><span class="section"><a href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.ref.v2">Parallel V2</a></span></dt> |
| </dl></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.parallel.ref.v1"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.ref.v1" title="Parallel V1">Parallel V1</a> |
| </h4></div></div></div> |
| <div class="toc"><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.ref.v1.exception_list">Header <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">experimental</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">exception_list</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">hpp</span><span class="special">></span></code></a></span></dt></dl></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.parallel.ref.v1.exception_list"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.ref.v1.exception_list" title="Header <experimental/exception_list.hpp>">Header <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">experimental</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">exception_list</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">hpp</span><span class="special">></span></code></a> |
| </h5></div></div></div> |
| <pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">experimental</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">parallel</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">inline</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">v1</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">exception_list</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// v1</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// parallel</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// experimental</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// boost</span> |
| </pre> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h6 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.parallel.ref.v1.exception_list.exception_list"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.ref.v1.exception_list.exception_list" title="Class exception_list">Class |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">exception_list</span></code></a> |
| </h6></div></div></div> |
| <pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">experimental</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">parallel</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">inline</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">v1</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">exception_list</span><span class="special">:</span> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">exception</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">public</span><span class="special">:</span> |
| <span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="char">'implementation defined'</span> <span class="identifier">const_iterator</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="special">~</span><span class="identifier">exception_list</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">noexcept</span> <span class="special">{}</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">add</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">exception_ptr</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">e</span><span class="special">);</span> |
| <span class="identifier">size_t</span> <span class="identifier">size</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">noexcept</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="identifier">const_iterator</span> <span class="identifier">begin</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">noexcept</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="identifier">const_iterator</span> <span class="identifier">end</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">noexcept</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">char</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">what</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">noexcept</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="special">};</span> |
| |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// v1</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// parallel</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// experimental</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// boost</span> |
| </pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.parallel.ref.v2"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.ref.v2" title="Parallel V2">Parallel V2</a> |
| </h4></div></div></div> |
| <div class="toc"><dl class="toc"> |
| <dt><span class="section"><a href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.ref.v2.concepts">Concepts</a></span></dt> |
| <dt><span class="section"><a href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.ref.v2.task_region">Header <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">experimental</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">task_region</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">hpp</span><span class="special">></span></code></a></span></dt> |
| </dl></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.parallel.ref.v2.concepts"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.ref.v2.concepts" title="Concepts">Concepts</a> |
| </h5></div></div></div> |
| <div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h6 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.parallel.ref.v2.concepts.regionCallable"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.ref.v2.concepts.regionCallable" title="Concept Region_Callable">Concept |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Region_Callable</span></code></a> |
| </h6></div></div></div></div> |
| <div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h6 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.parallel.ref.v2.concepts.taskCallable"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.ref.v2.concepts.taskCallable" title="Concept Task_Callable">Concept |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Task_Callable</span></code></a> |
| </h6></div></div></div></div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.parallel.ref.v2.task_region"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.ref.v2.task_region" title="Header <experimental/task_region.hpp>">Header <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">experimental</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">task_region</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">hpp</span><span class="special">></span></code></a> |
| </h5></div></div></div> |
| <pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">experimental</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">parallel</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">inline</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">v2</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">task_canceled_exception</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">Executor</span><span class="special">></span> |
| <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">task_region_handle_gen</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">default_executor</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="char">'implementation defined'</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">task_region_handle</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Executor</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">></span> |
| <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">task_region_final</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">Executor</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">ex</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">&&</span> <span class="identifier">f</span><span class="special">);</span> |
| <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">></span> |
| <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">task_region_final</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">&&</span> <span class="identifier">f</span><span class="special">);</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Executor</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">></span> |
| <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">task_region</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">Executor</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">ex</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">&&</span> <span class="identifier">f</span><span class="special">);</span> |
| <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">></span> |
| <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">task_region</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">&&</span> <span class="identifier">f</span><span class="special">);</span> |
| |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// v2</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// parallel</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// experimental</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// boost</span> |
| </pre> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h6 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.parallel.ref.v2.task_region.task_canceled_exception"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.ref.v2.task_region.task_canceled_exception" title="Class task_canceled_exception">Class |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">task_canceled_exception</span> </code></a> |
| </h6></div></div></div> |
| <pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">experimental</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">parallel</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">inline</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">v2</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">task_canceled_exception</span><span class="special">:</span> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">exception</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">public</span><span class="special">:</span> |
| <span class="identifier">task_canceled_exception</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">noexcept</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="identifier">task_canceled_exception</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">task_canceled_exception</span><span class="special">&)</span> <span class="keyword">noexcept</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="identifier">task_canceled_exception</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">=(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">task_canceled_exception</span><span class="special">&)</span> <span class="keyword">noexcept</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="keyword">virtual</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">char</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">what</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">noexcept</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="special">};</span> |
| |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// v2</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// parallel</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// experimental</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// boost</span> |
| </pre> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h6 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.parallel.ref.v2.task_region.task_region_handle_gen"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.ref.v2.task_region.task_region_handle_gen" title="Template Class task_region_handle_gen<>">Template |
| Class <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">task_region_handle_gen</span><span class="special"><></span></code></a> |
| </h6></div></div></div> |
| <pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">experimental</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">parallel</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">inline</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">v2</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">Executor</span><span class="special">></span> |
| <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">task_region_handle_gen</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">protected</span><span class="special">:</span> |
| <span class="identifier">task_region_handle_gen</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">Executor</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">ex</span><span class="special">);</span> |
| |
| <span class="special">~</span><span class="identifier">task_region_handle_gen</span><span class="special">();</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">public</span><span class="special">:</span> |
| <span class="identifier">task_region_handle_gen</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">task_region_handle_gen</span><span class="special">&)</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">delete</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="identifier">task_region_handle_gen</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">=(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">task_region_handle_gen</span><span class="special">&)</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">delete</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="identifier">task_region_handle_gen</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">&()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">delete</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">></span> |
| <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">run</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">&&</span> <span class="identifier">f</span><span class="special">);</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">wait</span><span class="special">();</span> |
| <span class="special">};</span> |
| |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// v2</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// parallel</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// experimental</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// boost</span> |
| </pre> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h6 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.parallel.ref.v2.task_region.default_executor"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.ref.v2.task_region.default_executor" title="Class default_executor">Class |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">default_executor</span> </code></a> |
| </h6></div></div></div> |
| <pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">experimental</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">parallel</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">inline</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">v2</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">default_executor</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="char">'implementation defined'</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// v2</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// parallel</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// experimental</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// boost</span> |
| </pre> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h6 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.parallel.ref.v2.task_region.task_region_handle"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.ref.v2.task_region.task_region_handle" title="Class task_region_handle">Class |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">task_region_handle</span> </code></a> |
| </h6></div></div></div> |
| <pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">experimental</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">parallel</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">inline</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">v2</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">task_region_handle</span> <span class="special">:</span> |
| <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="identifier">task_region_handle_gen</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">default_executor</span><span class="special">></span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">protected</span><span class="special">:</span> |
| <span class="identifier">task_region_handle</span><span class="special">();</span> |
| <span class="identifier">task_region_handle</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">task_region_handle</span><span class="special">&)</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">delete</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="identifier">task_region_handle</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">=(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">task_region_handle</span><span class="special">&)</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">delete</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="identifier">task_region_handle</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">&()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">delete</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="special">};</span> |
| |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// v2</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// parallel</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// experimental</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// boost</span> |
| </pre> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h6 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.parallel.ref.v2.task_region.task_region_final"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.ref.v2.task_region.task_region_final" title="Template Function task_region_final">Template |
| Function <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">task_region_final</span> |
| </code></a> |
| </h6></div></div></div> |
| <pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">experimental</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">parallel</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">inline</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">v2</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Executor</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">></span> |
| <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">task_region_final</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">Executor</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">ex</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">&&</span> <span class="identifier">f</span><span class="special">);</span> |
| <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">></span> |
| <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">task_region_final</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">&&</span> <span class="identifier">f</span><span class="special">);</span> |
| |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// v2</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// parallel</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// experimental</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// boost</span> |
| </pre> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h6 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.parallel.ref.v2.task_region.task_region"></a><a class="link" href="parallel.html#thread.parallel.ref.v2.task_region.task_region" title="Template Function task_region">Template |
| Function <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">task_region</span> </code></a> |
| </h6></div></div></div> |
| <pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">experimental</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">parallel</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">inline</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">v2</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Executor</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">></span> |
| <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">task_region</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">Executor</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">ex</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">&&</span> <span class="identifier">f</span><span class="special">);</span> |
| <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">></span> |
| <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">task_region</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">&&</span> <span class="identifier">f</span><span class="special">);</span> |
| |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// v2</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// parallel</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// experimental</span> |
| <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// boost</span> |
| </pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <table xmlns:rev="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" width="100%"><tr> |
| <td align="left"></td> |
| <td align="right"><div class="copyright-footer">Copyright © 2007 -11 Anthony Williams<br>Copyright © 2011 -15 Vicente J. Botet Escriba<p> |
| Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying |
| file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target="_top">http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</a>) |
| </p> |
| </div></td> |
| </tr></table> |
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