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| <h3 class="section">7.30 <code>.comm </code><var>symbol</var><code> , </code><var>length</var> </h3> |
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| <p><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007bcomm_007d-directive-295"></a><a name="index-symbol_002c-common-296"></a><code>.comm</code> declares a common symbol named <var>symbol</var>. When linking, a |
| common symbol in one object file may be merged with a defined or common symbol |
| of the same name in another object file. If <code>ld</code> does not see a |
| definition for the symbol–just one or more common symbols–then it will |
| allocate <var>length</var> bytes of uninitialized memory. <var>length</var> must be an |
| absolute expression. If <code>ld</code> sees multiple common symbols with |
| the same name, and they do not all have the same size, it will allocate space |
| using the largest size. |
| |
| <p>When using ELF or (as a GNU extension) PE, the <code>.comm</code> directive takes |
| an optional third argument. This is the desired alignment of the symbol, |
| specified for ELF as a byte boundary (for example, an alignment of 16 means |
| that the least significant 4 bits of the address should be zero), and for PE |
| as a power of two (for example, an alignment of 5 means aligned to a 32-byte |
| boundary). The alignment must be an absolute expression, and it must be a |
| power of two. If <code>ld</code> allocates uninitialized memory for the |
| common symbol, it will use the alignment when placing the symbol. If no |
| alignment is specified, <samp><span class="command">as</span></samp> will set the alignment to the |
| largest power of two less than or equal to the size of the symbol, up to a |
| maximum of 16 on ELF, or the default section alignment of 4 on PE<a rel="footnote" href="#fn-1" name="fnd-1"><sup>1</sup></a>. |
| |
| <p>The syntax for <code>.comm</code> differs slightly on the HPPA. The syntax is |
| ‘<samp><var>symbol</var><span class="samp"> .comm, </span><var>length</var></samp>’; <var>symbol</var> is optional. |
| |
| <div class="footnote"> |
| <hr> |
| <h4>Footnotes</h4><p class="footnote"><small>[<a name="fn-1" href="#fnd-1">1</a>]</small> This |
| is not the same as the executable image file alignment controlled by <code>ld</code>'s |
| ‘<samp><span class="samp">--section-alignment</span></samp>’ option; image file sections in PE are aligned to |
| multiples of 4096, which is far too large an alignment for ordinary variables. |
| It is rather the default alignment for (non-debug) sections within object |
| (‘<samp><span class="samp">*.o</span></samp>’) files, which are less strictly aligned.</p> |
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