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| <h4 class="subsection">3.17.36 SPARC Options</h4> |
| |
| <p><a name="index-SPARC-options-1985"></a> |
| These ‘<samp><span class="samp">-m</span></samp>’ options are supported on the SPARC: |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt><code>-mno-app-regs</code><dt><code>-mapp-regs</code><dd><a name="index-mno_002dapp_002dregs-1986"></a><a name="index-mapp_002dregs-1987"></a>Specify <samp><span class="option">-mapp-regs</span></samp> to generate output using the global registers |
| 2 through 4, which the SPARC SVR4 ABI reserves for applications. This |
| is the default. |
| |
| <p>To be fully SVR4 ABI compliant at the cost of some performance loss, |
| specify <samp><span class="option">-mno-app-regs</span></samp>. You should compile libraries and system |
| software with this option. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>-mfpu</code><dt><code>-mhard-float</code><dd><a name="index-mfpu-1988"></a><a name="index-mhard_002dfloat-1989"></a>Generate output containing floating point instructions. This is the |
| default. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>-mno-fpu</code><dt><code>-msoft-float</code><dd><a name="index-mno_002dfpu-1990"></a><a name="index-msoft_002dfloat-1991"></a>Generate output containing library calls for floating point. |
| <strong>Warning:</strong> the requisite libraries are not available for all SPARC |
| targets. Normally the facilities of the machine's usual C compiler are |
| used, but this cannot be done directly in cross-compilation. You must make |
| your own arrangements to provide suitable library functions for |
| cross-compilation. The embedded targets ‘<samp><span class="samp">sparc-*-aout</span></samp>’ and |
| ‘<samp><span class="samp">sparclite-*-*</span></samp>’ do provide software floating point support. |
| |
| <p><samp><span class="option">-msoft-float</span></samp> changes the calling convention in the output file; |
| therefore, it is only useful if you compile <em>all</em> of a program with |
| this option. In particular, you need to compile <samp><span class="file">libgcc.a</span></samp>, the |
| library that comes with GCC, with <samp><span class="option">-msoft-float</span></samp> in order for |
| this to work. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>-mhard-quad-float</code><dd><a name="index-mhard_002dquad_002dfloat-1992"></a>Generate output containing quad-word (long double) floating point |
| instructions. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>-msoft-quad-float</code><dd><a name="index-msoft_002dquad_002dfloat-1993"></a>Generate output containing library calls for quad-word (long double) |
| floating point instructions. The functions called are those specified |
| in the SPARC ABI. This is the default. |
| |
| <p>As of this writing, there are no SPARC implementations that have hardware |
| support for the quad-word floating point instructions. They all invoke |
| a trap handler for one of these instructions, and then the trap handler |
| emulates the effect of the instruction. Because of the trap handler overhead, |
| this is much slower than calling the ABI library routines. Thus the |
| <samp><span class="option">-msoft-quad-float</span></samp> option is the default. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>-mno-unaligned-doubles</code><dt><code>-munaligned-doubles</code><dd><a name="index-mno_002dunaligned_002ddoubles-1994"></a><a name="index-munaligned_002ddoubles-1995"></a>Assume that doubles have 8 byte alignment. This is the default. |
| |
| <p>With <samp><span class="option">-munaligned-doubles</span></samp>, GCC assumes that doubles have 8 byte |
| alignment only if they are contained in another type, or if they have an |
| absolute address. Otherwise, it assumes they have 4 byte alignment. |
| Specifying this option avoids some rare compatibility problems with code |
| generated by other compilers. It is not the default because it results |
| in a performance loss, especially for floating point code. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>-mno-faster-structs</code><dt><code>-mfaster-structs</code><dd><a name="index-mno_002dfaster_002dstructs-1996"></a><a name="index-mfaster_002dstructs-1997"></a>With <samp><span class="option">-mfaster-structs</span></samp>, the compiler assumes that structures |
| should have 8 byte alignment. This enables the use of pairs of |
| <code>ldd</code> and <code>std</code> instructions for copies in structure |
| assignment, in place of twice as many <code>ld</code> and <code>st</code> pairs. |
| However, the use of this changed alignment directly violates the SPARC |
| ABI. Thus, it's intended only for use on targets where the developer |
| acknowledges that their resulting code will not be directly in line with |
| the rules of the ABI. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>-mimpure-text</code><dd><a name="index-mimpure_002dtext-1998"></a><samp><span class="option">-mimpure-text</span></samp>, used in addition to <samp><span class="option">-shared</span></samp>, tells |
| the compiler to not pass <samp><span class="option">-z text</span></samp> to the linker when linking a |
| shared object. Using this option, you can link position-dependent |
| code into a shared object. |
| |
| <p><samp><span class="option">-mimpure-text</span></samp> suppresses the “relocations remain against |
| allocatable but non-writable sections” linker error message. |
| However, the necessary relocations will trigger copy-on-write, and the |
| shared object is not actually shared across processes. Instead of |
| using <samp><span class="option">-mimpure-text</span></samp>, you should compile all source code with |
| <samp><span class="option">-fpic</span></samp> or <samp><span class="option">-fPIC</span></samp>. |
| |
| <p>This option is only available on SunOS and Solaris. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>-mcpu=</code><var>cpu_type</var><dd><a name="index-mcpu-1999"></a>Set the instruction set, register set, and instruction scheduling parameters |
| for machine type <var>cpu_type</var>. Supported values for <var>cpu_type</var> are |
| ‘<samp><span class="samp">v7</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">cypress</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">v8</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">supersparc</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">sparclite</span></samp>’, |
| ‘<samp><span class="samp">f930</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">f934</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">hypersparc</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">sparclite86x</span></samp>’, |
| ‘<samp><span class="samp">sparclet</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">tsc701</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">v9</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">ultrasparc</span></samp>’, |
| ‘<samp><span class="samp">ultrasparc3</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">niagara</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">niagara2</span></samp>’. |
| |
| <p>Default instruction scheduling parameters are used for values that select |
| an architecture and not an implementation. These are ‘<samp><span class="samp">v7</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">v8</span></samp>’, |
| ‘<samp><span class="samp">sparclite</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">sparclet</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">v9</span></samp>’. |
| |
| <p>Here is a list of each supported architecture and their supported |
| implementations. |
| |
| <pre class="smallexample"> v7: cypress |
| v8: supersparc, hypersparc |
| sparclite: f930, f934, sparclite86x |
| sparclet: tsc701 |
| v9: ultrasparc, ultrasparc3, niagara, niagara2 |
| </pre> |
| <p>By default (unless configured otherwise), GCC generates code for the V7 |
| variant of the SPARC architecture. With <samp><span class="option">-mcpu=cypress</span></samp>, the compiler |
| additionally optimizes it for the Cypress CY7C602 chip, as used in the |
| SPARCStation/SPARCServer 3xx series. This is also appropriate for the older |
| SPARCStation 1, 2, IPX etc. |
| |
| <p>With <samp><span class="option">-mcpu=v8</span></samp>, GCC generates code for the V8 variant of the SPARC |
| architecture. The only difference from V7 code is that the compiler emits |
| the integer multiply and integer divide instructions which exist in SPARC-V8 |
| but not in SPARC-V7. With <samp><span class="option">-mcpu=supersparc</span></samp>, the compiler additionally |
| optimizes it for the SuperSPARC chip, as used in the SPARCStation 10, 1000 and |
| 2000 series. |
| |
| <p>With <samp><span class="option">-mcpu=sparclite</span></samp>, GCC generates code for the SPARClite variant of |
| the SPARC architecture. This adds the integer multiply, integer divide step |
| and scan (<code>ffs</code>) instructions which exist in SPARClite but not in SPARC-V7. |
| With <samp><span class="option">-mcpu=f930</span></samp>, the compiler additionally optimizes it for the |
| Fujitsu MB86930 chip, which is the original SPARClite, with no FPU. With |
| <samp><span class="option">-mcpu=f934</span></samp>, the compiler additionally optimizes it for the Fujitsu |
| MB86934 chip, which is the more recent SPARClite with FPU. |
| |
| <p>With <samp><span class="option">-mcpu=sparclet</span></samp>, GCC generates code for the SPARClet variant of |
| the SPARC architecture. This adds the integer multiply, multiply/accumulate, |
| integer divide step and scan (<code>ffs</code>) instructions which exist in SPARClet |
| but not in SPARC-V7. With <samp><span class="option">-mcpu=tsc701</span></samp>, the compiler additionally |
| optimizes it for the TEMIC SPARClet chip. |
| |
| <p>With <samp><span class="option">-mcpu=v9</span></samp>, GCC generates code for the V9 variant of the SPARC |
| architecture. This adds 64-bit integer and floating-point move instructions, |
| 3 additional floating-point condition code registers and conditional move |
| instructions. With <samp><span class="option">-mcpu=ultrasparc</span></samp>, the compiler additionally |
| optimizes it for the Sun UltraSPARC I/II/IIi chips. With |
| <samp><span class="option">-mcpu=ultrasparc3</span></samp>, the compiler additionally optimizes it for the |
| Sun UltraSPARC III/III+/IIIi/IIIi+/IV/IV+ chips. With |
| <samp><span class="option">-mcpu=niagara</span></samp>, the compiler additionally optimizes it for |
| Sun UltraSPARC T1 chips. With <samp><span class="option">-mcpu=niagara2</span></samp>, the compiler |
| additionally optimizes it for Sun UltraSPARC T2 chips. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>-mtune=</code><var>cpu_type</var><dd><a name="index-mtune-2000"></a>Set the instruction scheduling parameters for machine type |
| <var>cpu_type</var>, but do not set the instruction set or register set that the |
| option <samp><span class="option">-mcpu=</span><var>cpu_type</var></samp> would. |
| |
| <p>The same values for <samp><span class="option">-mcpu=</span><var>cpu_type</var></samp> can be used for |
| <samp><span class="option">-mtune=</span><var>cpu_type</var></samp>, but the only useful values are those |
| that select a particular cpu implementation. Those are ‘<samp><span class="samp">cypress</span></samp>’, |
| ‘<samp><span class="samp">supersparc</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">hypersparc</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">f930</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">f934</span></samp>’, |
| ‘<samp><span class="samp">sparclite86x</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">tsc701</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">ultrasparc</span></samp>’, |
| ‘<samp><span class="samp">ultrasparc3</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">niagara</span></samp>’, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">niagara2</span></samp>’. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>-mv8plus</code><dt><code>-mno-v8plus</code><dd><a name="index-mv8plus-2001"></a><a name="index-mno_002dv8plus-2002"></a>With <samp><span class="option">-mv8plus</span></samp>, GCC generates code for the SPARC-V8+ ABI. The |
| difference from the V8 ABI is that the global and out registers are |
| considered 64-bit wide. This is enabled by default on Solaris in 32-bit |
| mode for all SPARC-V9 processors. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>-mvis</code><dt><code>-mno-vis</code><dd><a name="index-mvis-2003"></a><a name="index-mno_002dvis-2004"></a>With <samp><span class="option">-mvis</span></samp>, GCC generates code that takes advantage of the UltraSPARC |
| Visual Instruction Set extensions. The default is <samp><span class="option">-mno-vis</span></samp>. |
| </dl> |
| |
| <p>These ‘<samp><span class="samp">-m</span></samp>’ options are supported in addition to the above |
| on SPARC-V9 processors in 64-bit environments: |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt><code>-mlittle-endian</code><dd><a name="index-mlittle_002dendian-2005"></a>Generate code for a processor running in little-endian mode. It is only |
| available for a few configurations and most notably not on Solaris and Linux. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>-m32</code><dt><code>-m64</code><dd><a name="index-m32-2006"></a><a name="index-m64-2007"></a>Generate code for a 32-bit or 64-bit environment. |
| The 32-bit environment sets int, long and pointer to 32 bits. |
| The 64-bit environment sets int to 32 bits and long and pointer |
| to 64 bits. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>-mcmodel=medlow</code><dd><a name="index-mcmodel_003dmedlow-2008"></a>Generate code for the Medium/Low code model: 64-bit addresses, programs |
| must be linked in the low 32 bits of memory. Programs can be statically |
| or dynamically linked. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>-mcmodel=medmid</code><dd><a name="index-mcmodel_003dmedmid-2009"></a>Generate code for the Medium/Middle code model: 64-bit addresses, programs |
| must be linked in the low 44 bits of memory, the text and data segments must |
| be less than 2GB in size and the data segment must be located within 2GB of |
| the text segment. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>-mcmodel=medany</code><dd><a name="index-mcmodel_003dmedany-2010"></a>Generate code for the Medium/Anywhere code model: 64-bit addresses, programs |
| may be linked anywhere in memory, the text and data segments must be less |
| than 2GB in size and the data segment must be located within 2GB of the |
| text segment. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>-mcmodel=embmedany</code><dd><a name="index-mcmodel_003dembmedany-2011"></a>Generate code for the Medium/Anywhere code model for embedded systems: |
| 64-bit addresses, the text and data segments must be less than 2GB in |
| size, both starting anywhere in memory (determined at link time). The |
| global register %g4 points to the base of the data segment. Programs |
| are statically linked and PIC is not supported. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>-mstack-bias</code><dt><code>-mno-stack-bias</code><dd><a name="index-mstack_002dbias-2012"></a><a name="index-mno_002dstack_002dbias-2013"></a>With <samp><span class="option">-mstack-bias</span></samp>, GCC assumes that the stack pointer, and |
| frame pointer if present, are offset by −2047 which must be added back |
| when making stack frame references. This is the default in 64-bit mode. |
| Otherwise, assume no such offset is present. |
| </dl> |
| |
| <p>These switches are supported in addition to the above on Solaris: |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt><code>-threads</code><dd><a name="index-threads-2014"></a>Add support for multithreading using the Solaris threads library. This |
| option sets flags for both the preprocessor and linker. This option does |
| not affect the thread safety of object code produced by the compiler or |
| that of libraries supplied with it. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>-pthreads</code><dd><a name="index-pthreads-2015"></a>Add support for multithreading using the POSIX threads library. This |
| option sets flags for both the preprocessor and linker. This option does |
| not affect the thread safety of object code produced by the compiler or |
| that of libraries supplied with it. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>-pthread</code><dd><a name="index-pthread-2016"></a>This is a synonym for <samp><span class="option">-pthreads</span></samp>. |
| </dl> |
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