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| <h4 class="subsection">32.1.2 Word Designators</h4> |
| |
| <p>Word designators are used to select desired words from the event. |
| A ‘<samp><span class="samp">:</span></samp>’ separates the event specification from the word designator. It |
| may be omitted if the word designator begins with a ‘<samp><span class="samp">^</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">$</span></samp>’, |
| ‘<samp><span class="samp">*</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">-</span></samp>’, or ‘<samp><span class="samp">%</span></samp>’. Words are numbered from the beginning |
| of the line, with the first word being denoted by 0 (zero). Words are |
| inserted into the current line separated by single spaces. |
| |
| <p>For example, |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt><code>!!</code><dd>designates the preceding command. When you type this, the preceding |
| command is repeated in toto. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>!!:$</code><dd>designates the last argument of the preceding command. This may be |
| shortened to <code>!$</code>. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>!fi:2</code><dd>designates the second argument of the most recent command starting with |
| the letters <code>fi</code>. |
| </dl> |
| |
| <p>Here are the word designators: |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt><code>0 (zero)</code><dd>The <code>0</code>th word. For many applications, this is the command word. |
| |
| <br><dt><var>n</var><dd>The <var>n</var>th word. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>^</code><dd>The first argument; that is, word 1. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>$</code><dd>The last argument. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>%</code><dd>The word matched by the most recent ‘<samp><span class="samp">?</span><var>string</var><span class="samp">?</span></samp>’ search. |
| |
| <br><dt><var>x</var><code>-</code><var>y</var><dd>A range of words; ‘<samp><span class="samp">-</span><var>y</var></samp>’ abbreviates ‘<samp><span class="samp">0-</span><var>y</var></samp>’. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>*</code><dd>All of the words, except the <code>0</code>th. This is a synonym for ‘<samp><span class="samp">1-$</span></samp>’. |
| It is not an error to use ‘<samp><span class="samp">*</span></samp>’ if there is just one word in the event; |
| the empty string is returned in that case. |
| |
| <br><dt><var>x</var><code>*</code><dd>Abbreviates ‘<samp><var>x</var><span class="samp">-$</span></samp>’ |
| |
| <br><dt><var>x</var><code>-</code><dd>Abbreviates ‘<samp><var>x</var><span class="samp">-$</span></samp>’ like ‘<samp><var>x</var><span class="samp">*</span></samp>’, but omits the last word. |
| |
| </dl> |
| |
| <p>If a word designator is supplied without an event specification, the |
| previous command is used as the event. |
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