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| <h3 class="section">14.9 File Attributes</h3> |
| |
| <p><a name="index-ls-1490"></a>When you issue an ‘<samp><span class="samp">ls -l</span></samp>’ shell command on a file, it gives you |
| information about the size of the file, who owns it, when it was last |
| modified, etc. These are called the <dfn>file attributes</dfn>, and are |
| associated with the file itself and not a particular one of its names. |
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| <p>This section contains information about how you can inquire about and |
| modify the attributes of a file. |
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| <ul class="menu"> |
| <li><a accesskey="1" href="Attribute-Meanings.html#Attribute-Meanings">Attribute Meanings</a>: The names of the file attributes, |
| and what their values mean. |
| <li><a accesskey="2" href="Reading-Attributes.html#Reading-Attributes">Reading Attributes</a>: How to read the attributes of a file. |
| <li><a accesskey="3" href="Testing-File-Type.html#Testing-File-Type">Testing File Type</a>: Distinguishing ordinary files, |
| directories, links... |
| <li><a accesskey="4" href="File-Owner.html#File-Owner">File Owner</a>: How ownership for new files is determined, |
| and how to change it. |
| <li><a accesskey="5" href="Permission-Bits.html#Permission-Bits">Permission Bits</a>: How information about a file's access |
| mode is stored. |
| <li><a accesskey="6" href="Access-Permission.html#Access-Permission">Access Permission</a>: How the system decides who can access a file. |
| <li><a accesskey="7" href="Setting-Permissions.html#Setting-Permissions">Setting Permissions</a>: How permissions for new files are assigned, |
| and how to change them. |
| <li><a accesskey="8" href="Testing-File-Access.html#Testing-File-Access">Testing File Access</a>: How to find out if your process can |
| access a file. |
| <li><a accesskey="9" href="File-Times.html#File-Times">File Times</a>: About the time attributes of a file. |
| <li><a href="File-Size.html#File-Size">File Size</a>: Manually changing the size of a file. |
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