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| <h3 class="appendixsec">C.4 Specific advice for GNU/Linux systems</h3> |
| |
| <p><a name="index-upgrading-from-libc5-3818"></a><a name="index-kernel-header-files-3819"></a> |
| If you are installing GNU libc on a GNU/Linux system, you need to have the |
| header files from a 2.2 or newer kernel around for reference. For some |
| architectures, like ia64, sh and hppa, you need at least headers from |
| kernel 2.3.99 (sh and hppa) or 2.4.0 (ia64). You do not need to use |
| that kernel, just have its headers where glibc can access at them. The |
| easiest way to do this is to unpack it in a directory such as |
| <samp><span class="file">/usr/src/linux-2.2.1</span></samp>. In that directory, run ‘<samp><span class="samp">make config</span></samp>’ |
| and accept all the defaults. Then run ‘<samp><span class="samp">make |
| include/linux/version.h</span></samp>’. Finally, configure glibc with the option |
| ‘<samp><span class="samp">--with-headers=/usr/src/linux-2.2.1/include</span></samp>’. Use the most recent |
| kernel you can get your hands on. |
| |
| <p>An alternate tactic is to unpack the 2.2 kernel and run ‘<samp><span class="samp">make |
| config</span></samp>’ as above; then, rename or delete <samp><span class="file">/usr/include</span></samp>, create a |
| new <samp><span class="file">/usr/include</span></samp>, and make symbolic links of |
| <samp><span class="file">/usr/include/linux</span></samp> and <samp><span class="file">/usr/include/asm</span></samp> into the kernel |
| sources. You can then configure glibc with no special options. This |
| tactic is recommended if you are upgrading from libc5, since you need to |
| get rid of the old header files anyway. |
| |
| <p>After installing GNU libc, you may need to remove or rename |
| <samp><span class="file">/usr/include/linux</span></samp> and <samp><span class="file">/usr/include/asm</span></samp>, and replace them |
| with copies of <samp><span class="file">include/linux</span></samp> and |
| <samp><span class="file">include/asm-$</span><var>ARCHITECTURE</var></samp> taken from the Linux source |
| package which supplied kernel headers for building the library. |
| <var>ARCHITECTURE</var> will be the machine architecture for which the |
| library was built, such as ‘<samp><span class="samp">i386</span></samp>’ or ‘<samp><span class="samp">alpha</span></samp>’. You do not need |
| to do this if you did not specify an alternate kernel header source |
| using ‘<samp><span class="samp">--with-headers</span></samp>’. The intent here is that these directories |
| should be copies of, <strong>not</strong> symlinks to, the kernel headers used to |
| build the library. |
| |
| <p>Note that <samp><span class="file">/usr/include/net</span></samp> and <samp><span class="file">/usr/include/scsi</span></samp> should |
| <strong>not</strong> be symlinks into the kernel sources. GNU libc provides its |
| own versions of these files. |
| |
| <p>GNU/Linux expects some components of the libc installation to be in |
| <samp><span class="file">/lib</span></samp> and some in <samp><span class="file">/usr/lib</span></samp>. This is handled automatically |
| if you configure glibc with ‘<samp><span class="samp">--prefix=/usr</span></samp>’. If you set some other |
| prefix or allow it to default to <samp><span class="file">/usr/local</span></samp>, then all the |
| components are installed there. |
| |
| <p>If you are upgrading from libc5, you need to recompile every shared |
| library on your system against the new library for the sake of new code, |
| but keep the old libraries around for old binaries to use. This is |
| complicated and difficult. Consult the Glibc2 HOWTO at |
| <a href="http://www.imaxx.net/~thrytis/glibc">http://www.imaxx.net/~thrytis/glibc</a> for details. |
| |
| <p>You cannot use <code>nscd</code> with 2.0 kernels, due to bugs in the |
| kernel-side thread support. <code>nscd</code> happens to hit these bugs |
| particularly hard, but you might have problems with any threaded |
| program. |
| |
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