| <html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>xmllint</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.2"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="id2876302"></a><div class="titlepage"><div></div><div></div></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>xmllint — command line <span class="acronym">XML</span> tool</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt class="command">xmllint</tt> [[--version] | [--debug] | [--shell] | [--debugent] | [--copy] | [--recover] | [--noent] | [--noout] | [--nonet] | [--htmlout] | [--nowrap] | [--valid] | [--postvalid] | [--dtdvalid <i class="replaceable"><tt>URL</tt></i>] | [--dtdvalidfpi <i class="replaceable"><tt>FPI</tt></i>] | [--timing] | [--output <i class="replaceable"><tt>file</tt></i>] | [--repeat] | [--insert] | [--compress] | [--html] | [--xmlout] | [--push] | [--memory] | [--maxmem <i class="replaceable"><tt>nbbytes</tt></i>] | [--nowarning] | [--noblanks] | [--nocdata] | [--format] | [--encode <i class="replaceable"><tt>encoding</tt></i>] | [--dropdtd] | [--nsclean] | [--testIO] | [--catalogs] | [--nocatalogs] | [--auto] | [--xinclude] | [--noxincludenode] | [--loaddtd] | [--dtdattr] | [--stream] | [--walker] | [--pattern <i class="replaceable"><tt>patternvalue</tt></i>] | [--chkregister] | [--relaxng] | [--schema] | [--c14n]] [<tt class="option"><i class="replaceable"><tt>xmlfile</tt></i></tt>]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><a name="introduction"></a><h2>Introduction</h2><p> | |
| The xmllint program parses one or more XML files, specified on the | |
| command line as <i class="replaceable"><tt>xmlfile</tt></i>. It prints various | |
| types of output, depending upon the options selected. It is useful for | |
| detecting errors both in <span class="acronym">XML</span> code and in the | |
| <span class="acronym">XML</span> parser itself. | |
| </p><p> | |
| It is included in <span class="application">libxml2</span>. | |
| </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><a name="options"></a><h2>Options</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--version</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Display the version of | |
| <span class="application">libxml2</span> used. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--debug</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Parse a file and output an annotated tree of the | |
| in-memory version of the document. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--shell</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Run a navigating shell. Details on available commands in shell mode | |
| are below. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--debugent</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Debug the entities defined in the document. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--copy</tt> </span></dt><dd> | |
| Test the internal copy implementation. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--recover</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Output any parsable portions of an invalid | |
| document. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--noent</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Substitute entity values for entity | |
| references. By default, <span class="application">xmllint</span> leaves entity | |
| references in place. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--nocdata</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Substitute CDATA section by equivalent text nodes. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--nsclean</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Remove redundant namespace declarations. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--noout</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Suppress output. By default, | |
| <span class="application">xmllint</span> outputs the result tree. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--htmlout</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Output results as an <span class="acronym">HTML</span> | |
| file. This causes <span class="application">xmllint</span> to output | |
| the necessary <span class="acronym">HTML</span> tags surrounding the result tree | |
| output so the results can be displayed in a browser. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--nowrap </tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Do not output HTML doc wrapper. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--valid </tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Determine if the document is a valid instance | |
| of the included Document Type Definition (<span class="acronym">DTD</span>). A | |
| <span class="acronym">DTD</span> to be validated against also can be specified at | |
| the command line using the <tt class="option">--dtdvalid</tt> option. By default, | |
| <span class="application">xmllint</span> also checks to determine if the | |
| document is well-formed. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--postvalid</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Validate after parsing is completed. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"> <tt class="option">--dtdvalid</tt> <i class="replaceable"><tt>URL</tt></i></span></dt><dd> | |
| Use the | |
| <span class="acronym">DTD</span> specified by <i class="replaceable"><tt>URL</tt></i> for | |
| validation. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"> <tt class="option">--dtdvalidfpi</tt> <i class="replaceable"><tt>FPI</tt></i></span></dt><dd> | |
| Use the | |
| <span class="acronym">DTD</span> specified by the Public Identifier | |
| <i class="replaceable"><tt>FPI</tt></i> for validation, note that this | |
| will require a Catalog exporting that Public Identifier to work. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--timing</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Output information about the time it takes | |
| <span class="application">xmllint</span> to perform the various steps. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--output</tt> <i class="replaceable"><tt>file</tt></i></span></dt><dd>Define a file path where xmllint will save the result of | |
| parsing. Usually the programs build a tree and save it on stdout, with | |
| this option the result XML instance will be saved onto a file.</dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--repeat</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Repeat 100 times, for timing or profiling. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--insert</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Test for valid insertions. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--compress</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Turn on gzip compression of output. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--html</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Use the <span class="acronym">HTML</span> parser. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--xmlout</tt></span></dt><dd>Used in conjunction with <tt class="option">--html</tt>. Usually | |
| when HTML is parsed the document is saved with the HTML serializer, but with | |
| this option the resulting document is saved with the XML serializer. This is | |
| primarily used to generate XHTML from HTML input.</dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--push</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Use the push mode of the parser. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--memory</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Parse from memory. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--maxmem</tt> <i class="replaceable"><tt>nnbytes</tt></i></span></dt><dd>Test the parser memory | |
| support. <i class="replaceable"><tt>nnbytes</tt></i> is the maximum number of bytes the | |
| library is allowed to allocate. This can also be used to make sure batch | |
| processing of XML files will not exhaust the virtual memory of the server | |
| running them.</dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--nowarning</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Do not emit warnings from the parser and/or validator. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--noblanks</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Drop ignorable blank spaces. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--format</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Reformat and reindent the output. The $XMLLINT_INDENT | |
| environment variable controls the indentation (default | |
| value is two spaces " "). | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--testIO</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Test user input/output support. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--encode</tt> <i class="replaceable"><tt>encoding</tt></i></span></dt><dd> | |
| Output in the given encoding. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--catalogs</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Use the catalogs from $SGML_CATALOG_FILES. Otherwise /etc/xml/catalog | |
| is used by default. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--nocatalogs</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Do not use any catalogs. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--auto</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Generate a small document for testing purposes. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--xinclude</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Do XInclude processing. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--noxincludenode</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Do XInclude processing but do not generate XInclude start and end | |
| nodes. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--loaddtd</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Fetch external DTD. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--dtdattr</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Fetch external DTD and populate the tree with inherited attributes. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--dropdtd</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Remove <span class="acronym">DTD</span> from output. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--stream</tt></span></dt><dd>Use streaming API - useful when used in combination with | |
| --relaxng or --valid options for validation of files that are | |
| too large to be held in memory.</dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--walker</tt></span></dt><dd>Test the walker module, which is a reader interface but for a | |
| document tree, instead of using the reader API on an unparsed document it | |
| works on a existing in-memory tree. Used in debugging.</dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--chkregister</tt></span></dt><dd>Turn on node registration. Useful for developers testing | |
| libxml2 node tracking code.</dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--pattern</tt> <i class="replaceable"><tt>patternvalue</tt></i></span></dt><dd>Used to exercise the pattern recognition engine, which can be | |
| used with the reader interface to the parser. It allows to select some | |
| nodes in the document based on an XPath (subset) expression. Used for | |
| debugging.</dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--relaxng</tt> <i class="replaceable"><tt>schema</tt></i></span></dt><dd>Use RelaxNG file named <i class="replaceable"><tt>schema</tt></i> for | |
| validation.</dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">--schema</tt> <i class="replaceable"><tt>schema</tt></i></span></dt><dd>Use a W3C XML Schema file named <i class="replaceable"><tt>schema</tt></i> for validation.</dd><dt><span class="term"> | |
| <tt class="option">--c14n</tt></span></dt><dd>Use the W3C XML Canonicalisation (C14N) to | |
| serialize the result of parsing to stdout. It keeps comments in | |
| the result.</dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><a name="shell"></a><h2>Shell</h2><p> | |
| <span class="application">xmllint</span> offers an interactive shell mode | |
| invoked with the <tt class="option">--shell</tt> command. Available commands in | |
| shell mode include: | |
| </p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">base</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| display XML base of the node | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">bye</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| leave shell | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">cat <i class="replaceable"><tt>node</tt></i></tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Display node if given or current node. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">cd <i class="replaceable"><tt>path</tt></i></tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Change the current node to <i class="replaceable"><tt>path</tt></i> (if given | |
| and unique) or root if no argument given. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">dir <i class="replaceable"><tt>path</tt></i></tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Dumps information about the node (namespace, attributes, content). | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">du <i class="replaceable"><tt>path</tt></i></tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Show the structure of the subtree under path or the current node. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">exit</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Leave the shell. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">help</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Show this help. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">free</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Display memory usage. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">load <i class="replaceable"><tt>name</tt></i></tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Load a new document with the given name. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">ls <i class="replaceable"><tt>path</tt></i></tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| List contents of <i class="replaceable"><tt>path</tt></i> (if given) or the | |
| current directory. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">pwd</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Display the path to the current node. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">quit</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Leave the shell. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">save <i class="replaceable"><tt>name</tt></i></tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Saves the current document to <i class="replaceable"><tt>name</tt></i> if | |
| given or to the original name. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">validate</tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Check the document for error. | |
| </dd><dt><span class="term"><tt class="option">write <i class="replaceable"><tt>name</tt></i></tt></span></dt><dd> | |
| Write the current node to the given filename. | |
| </dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>Catalogs</h2><p>Catalog behavior can be changed by redirecting | |
| queries to the user's own set of catalogs. This can be done by setting the | |
| <tt class="varname">XML_CATALOG_FILES</tt> environment variable to a list of | |
| catalogs. An empty one should deactivate loading the default | |
| <tt class="filename">/etc/xml/catalog</tt> default catalog.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>Debugging Catalogs</h2><p>Setting the environment variable <tt class="varname">XML_DEBUG_CATALOG</tt> | |
| using the command <b class="command">"export XML_DEBUG_CATALOG="</b> | |
| outputs debugging information related to catalog operations.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>Error Return Codes</h2><p>On the completion of execution, <span class="application">Xmllint</span> | |
| returns the following error codes:</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">0</span></dt><dd>No error</dd><dt><span class="term">1</span></dt><dd>Unclassified</dd><dt><span class="term">2</span></dt><dd>Error in DTD</dd><dt><span class="term">3</span></dt><dd>Validation error</dd><dt><span class="term">4</span></dt><dd>Validation error</dd><dt><span class="term">5</span></dt><dd>Error in schema compilation</dd><dt><span class="term">6</span></dt><dd>Error writing output</dd><dt><span class="term">7</span></dt><dd>Error in pattern (generated when | |
| [<span class="optional">--pattern</span>] option is used)</dd><dt><span class="term">8</span></dt><dd>Error in Reader registration (generated when | |
| [<span class="optional">--chkregister</span>] option is used)</dd><dt><span class="term">9</span></dt><dd>Out of memory error</dd></dl></div></div></div></body></html> |