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| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"> |
| <a name="thread.thread_local_storage"></a><a class="link" href="thread_local_storage.html" title="Thread Local Storage">Thread Local Storage</a> |
| </h2></div></div></div> |
| <div class="toc"><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="thread_local_storage.html#thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr">Class |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">thread_specific_ptr</span></code></a></span></dt></dl></div> |
| <a name="thread.thread_local_storage.synopsis"></a><h4> |
| <a name="id2707198"></a> |
| <a class="link" href="thread_local_storage.html#thread.thread_local_storage.synopsis">Synopsis</a> |
| </h4> |
| <p> |
| Thread local storage allows multi-threaded applications to have a separate |
| instance of a given data item for each thread. Where a single-threaded application |
| would use static or global data, this could lead to contention, deadlock or |
| data corruption in a multi-threaded application. One example is the C <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">errno</span></code> variable, used for storing the error |
| code related to functions from the Standard C library. It is common practice |
| (and required by POSIX) for compilers that support multi-threaded applications |
| to provide a separate instance of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">errno</span></code> |
| for each thread, in order to avoid different threads competing to read or update |
| the value. |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| Though compilers often provide this facility in the form of extensions to the |
| declaration syntax (such as <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">__declspec</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">thread</span><span class="special">)</span></code> |
| or <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">__thread</span></code> annotations on |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">static</span></code> or namespace-scope variable |
| declarations), such support is non-portable, and is often limited in some way, |
| such as only supporting POD types. |
| </p> |
| <a name="thread.thread_local_storage.portable_thread_local_storage_with__code__phrase_role__identifier__boost__phrase__phrase_role__special______phrase__phrase_role__identifier__thread_specific_ptr__phrase___code_"></a><h4> |
| <a name="id2707307"></a> |
| <a class="link" href="thread_local_storage.html#thread.thread_local_storage.portable_thread_local_storage_with__code__phrase_role__identifier__boost__phrase__phrase_role__special______phrase__phrase_role__identifier__thread_specific_ptr__phrase___code_">Portable |
| thread-local storage with <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">thread_specific_ptr</span></code></a> |
| </h4> |
| <p> |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">thread_specific_ptr</span></code> provides a portable mechanism |
| for thread-local storage that works on all compilers supported by <span class="bold"><strong>Boost.Thread</strong></span>. Each instance of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">thread_specific_ptr</span></code> |
| represents a pointer to an object (such as <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">errno</span></code>) |
| where each thread must have a distinct value. The value for the current thread |
| can be obtained using the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">get</span><span class="special">()</span></code> member function, or by using the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">*</span></code> and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">-></span></code> |
| pointer deference operators. Initially the pointer has a value of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">NULL</span></code> in each thread, but the value for the |
| current thread can be set using the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">reset</span><span class="special">()</span></code> member function. |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| If the value of the pointer for the current thread is changed using <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">reset</span><span class="special">()</span></code>, |
| then the previous value is destroyed by calling the cleanup routine. Alternatively, |
| the stored value can be reset to <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">NULL</span></code> |
| and the prior value returned by calling the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">release</span><span class="special">()</span></code> member function, allowing the application |
| to take back responsibility for destroying the object. |
| </p> |
| <a name="thread.thread_local_storage.cleanup_at_thread_exit"></a><h4> |
| <a name="id2707314"></a> |
| <a class="link" href="thread_local_storage.html#thread.thread_local_storage.cleanup_at_thread_exit">Cleanup |
| at thread exit</a> |
| </h4> |
| <p> |
| When a thread exits, the objects associated with each <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">thread_specific_ptr</span></code> |
| instance are destroyed. By default, the object pointed to by a pointer <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">p</span></code> is destroyed by invoking <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">delete</span> <span class="identifier">p</span></code>, |
| but this can be overridden for a specific instance of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">thread_specific_ptr</span></code> |
| by providing a cleanup routine to the constructor. In this case, the object |
| is destroyed by invoking <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">func</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">p</span><span class="special">)</span></code> |
| where <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">func</span></code> is the cleanup routine |
| supplied to the constructor. The cleanup functions are called in an unspecified |
| order. If a cleanup routine sets the value of associated with an instance of |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">thread_specific_ptr</span></code> that has already been |
| cleaned up, that value is added to the cleanup list. Cleanup finishes when |
| there are no outstanding instances of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">thread_specific_ptr</span></code> |
| with values. |
| </p> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr"></a><a class="link" href="thread_local_storage.html#thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr" title="Class thread_specific_ptr">Class |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">thread_specific_ptr</span></code></a> |
| </h3></div></div></div> |
| <div class="toc"><dl> |
| <dt><span class="section"><a href="thread_local_storage.html#thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr.default_constructor"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">thread_specific_ptr</span><span class="special">();</span></code></a></span></dt> |
| <dt><span class="section"><a href="thread_local_storage.html#thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr.constructor_with_custom_cleanup"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">explicit</span> <span class="identifier">thread_specific_ptr</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="special">(*</span><span class="identifier">cleanup_function</span><span class="special">)(</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">*));</span></code></a></span></dt> |
| <dt><span class="section"><a href="thread_local_storage.html#thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr.destructor"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">~</span><span class="identifier">thread_specific_ptr</span><span class="special">();</span></code></a></span></dt> |
| <dt><span class="section"><a href="thread_local_storage.html#thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr.get"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">get</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span></code></a></span></dt> |
| <dt><span class="section"><a href="thread_local_storage.html#thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr.operator_arrow"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">->()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span></code></a></span></dt> |
| <dt><span class="section"><a href="thread_local_storage.html#thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr.operator_star"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">*()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span></code></a></span></dt> |
| <dt><span class="section"><a href="thread_local_storage.html#thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr.reset"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">reset</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">*</span> |
| <span class="identifier">new_value</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="number">0</span><span class="special">);</span></code></a></span></dt> |
| <dt><span class="section"><a href="thread_local_storage.html#thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr.release"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">release</span><span class="special">();</span></code></a></span></dt> |
| </dl></div> |
| <pre class="programlisting"><span class="preprocessor">#include</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">thread</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">tss</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">hpp</span><span class="special">></span> |
| |
| <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> |
| <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">thread_specific_ptr</span> |
| <span class="special">{</span> |
| <span class="keyword">public</span><span class="special">:</span> |
| <span class="identifier">thread_specific_ptr</span><span class="special">();</span> |
| <span class="keyword">explicit</span> <span class="identifier">thread_specific_ptr</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="special">(*</span><span class="identifier">cleanup_function</span><span class="special">)(</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">*));</span> |
| <span class="special">~</span><span class="identifier">thread_specific_ptr</span><span class="special">();</span> |
| |
| <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">get</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">->()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">*()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">release</span><span class="special">();</span> |
| <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">reset</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">new_value</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="number">0</span><span class="special">);</span> |
| <span class="special">};</span> |
| </pre> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr.default_constructor"></a><a class="link" href="thread_local_storage.html#thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr.default_constructor" title="thread_specific_ptr();"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">thread_specific_ptr</span><span class="special">();</span></code></a> |
| </h4></div></div></div> |
| <div class="variablelist"> |
| <p class="title"><b></b></p> |
| <dl> |
| <dt><span class="term">Requires:</span></dt> |
| <dd><p> |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">delete</span> <span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">get</span><span class="special">()</span></code> is well-formed. |
| </p></dd> |
| <dt><span class="term">Effects:</span></dt> |
| <dd><p> |
| Construct a <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">thread_specific_ptr</span></code> |
| object for storing a pointer to an object of type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code> |
| specific to each thread. The default <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">delete</span></code>-based |
| cleanup function will be used to destroy any thread-local objects |
| when <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">reset</span><span class="special">()</span></code> |
| is called, or the thread exits. |
| </p></dd> |
| <dt><span class="term">Throws:</span></dt> |
| <dd><p> |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">thread_resource_error</span></code> if an error |
| occurs. |
| </p></dd> |
| </dl> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr.constructor_with_custom_cleanup"></a><a class="link" href="thread_local_storage.html#thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr.constructor_with_custom_cleanup" title="explicit thread_specific_ptr(void (*cleanup_function)(T*));"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">explicit</span> <span class="identifier">thread_specific_ptr</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="special">(*</span><span class="identifier">cleanup_function</span><span class="special">)(</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">*));</span></code></a> |
| </h4></div></div></div> |
| <div class="variablelist"> |
| <p class="title"><b></b></p> |
| <dl> |
| <dt><span class="term">Requires:</span></dt> |
| <dd><p> |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">cleanup_function</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">get</span><span class="special">())</span></code> does not throw any exceptions. |
| </p></dd> |
| <dt><span class="term">Effects:</span></dt> |
| <dd><p> |
| Construct a <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">thread_specific_ptr</span></code> |
| object for storing a pointer to an object of type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code> |
| specific to each thread. The supplied <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">cleanup_function</span></code> |
| will be used to destroy any thread-local objects when <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">reset</span><span class="special">()</span></code> |
| is called, or the thread exits. |
| </p></dd> |
| <dt><span class="term">Throws:</span></dt> |
| <dd><p> |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">thread_resource_error</span></code> if an error |
| occurs. |
| </p></dd> |
| </dl> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr.destructor"></a><a class="link" href="thread_local_storage.html#thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr.destructor" title="~thread_specific_ptr();"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">~</span><span class="identifier">thread_specific_ptr</span><span class="special">();</span></code></a> |
| </h4></div></div></div> |
| <div class="variablelist"> |
| <p class="title"><b></b></p> |
| <dl> |
| <dt><span class="term">Effects:</span></dt> |
| <dd><p> |
| Calls <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">reset</span><span class="special">()</span></code> |
| to clean up the associated value for the current thread, and destroys |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">*</span><span class="keyword">this</span></code>. |
| </p></dd> |
| <dt><span class="term">Throws:</span></dt> |
| <dd><p> |
| Nothing. |
| </p></dd> |
| </dl> |
| </div> |
| <div class="note"><table border="0" summary="Note"> |
| <tr> |
| <td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="../../../doc/src/images/note.png"></td> |
| <th align="left">Note</th> |
| </tr> |
| <tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p> |
| Care needs to be taken to ensure that any threads still running after |
| an instance of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">thread_specific_ptr</span></code> |
| has been destroyed do not call any member functions on that instance. |
| </p></td></tr> |
| </table></div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr.get"></a><a class="link" href="thread_local_storage.html#thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr.get" title="T* get() const;"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">get</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span></code></a> |
| </h4></div></div></div> |
| <div class="variablelist"> |
| <p class="title"><b></b></p> |
| <dl> |
| <dt><span class="term">Returns:</span></dt> |
| <dd><p> |
| The pointer associated with the current thread. |
| </p></dd> |
| <dt><span class="term">Throws:</span></dt> |
| <dd><p> |
| Nothing. |
| </p></dd> |
| </dl> |
| </div> |
| <div class="note"><table border="0" summary="Note"> |
| <tr> |
| <td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="../../../doc/src/images/note.png"></td> |
| <th align="left">Note</th> |
| </tr> |
| <tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p> |
| The initial value associated with an instance of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">thread_specific_ptr</span></code> |
| is <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">NULL</span></code> for each thread. |
| </p></td></tr> |
| </table></div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr.operator_arrow"></a><a class="link" href="thread_local_storage.html#thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr.operator_arrow" title="T* operator->() const;"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">->()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span></code></a> |
| </h4></div></div></div> |
| <div class="variablelist"> |
| <p class="title"><b></b></p> |
| <dl> |
| <dt><span class="term">Returns:</span></dt> |
| <dd><p> |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">get</span><span class="special">()</span></code> |
| </p></dd> |
| <dt><span class="term">Throws:</span></dt> |
| <dd><p> |
| Nothing. |
| </p></dd> |
| </dl> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr.operator_star"></a><a class="link" href="thread_local_storage.html#thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr.operator_star" title="T& operator*() const;"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">*()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span></code></a> |
| </h4></div></div></div> |
| <div class="variablelist"> |
| <p class="title"><b></b></p> |
| <dl> |
| <dt><span class="term">Requires:</span></dt> |
| <dd><p> |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">get</span></code> is not <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">NULL</span></code>. |
| </p></dd> |
| <dt><span class="term">Returns:</span></dt> |
| <dd><p> |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">*(</span><span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">get</span><span class="special">())</span></code> |
| </p></dd> |
| <dt><span class="term">Throws:</span></dt> |
| <dd><p> |
| Nothing. |
| </p></dd> |
| </dl> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr.reset"></a><a class="link" href="thread_local_storage.html#thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr.reset" title="void reset(T* new_value=0);"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">reset</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">*</span> |
| <span class="identifier">new_value</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="number">0</span><span class="special">);</span></code></a> |
| </h4></div></div></div> |
| <div class="variablelist"> |
| <p class="title"><b></b></p> |
| <dl> |
| <dt><span class="term">Effects:</span></dt> |
| <dd><p> |
| If <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">get</span><span class="special">()!=</span><span class="identifier">new_value</span></code> and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">get</span><span class="special">()</span></code> is non-<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">NULL</span></code>, |
| invoke <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">delete</span> <span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">get</span><span class="special">()</span></code> or <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">cleanup_function</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">get</span><span class="special">())</span></code> as appropriate. Store <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">new_value</span></code> as the pointer associated |
| with the current thread. |
| </p></dd> |
| <dt><span class="term">Postcondition:</span></dt> |
| <dd><p> |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">get</span><span class="special">()==</span><span class="identifier">new_value</span></code> |
| </p></dd> |
| <dt><span class="term">Throws:</span></dt> |
| <dd><p> |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">thread_resource_error</span></code> if an error |
| occurs. |
| </p></dd> |
| </dl> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"> |
| <a name="thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr.release"></a><a class="link" href="thread_local_storage.html#thread.thread_local_storage.thread_specific_ptr.release" title="T* release();"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">release</span><span class="special">();</span></code></a> |
| </h4></div></div></div> |
| <div class="variablelist"> |
| <p class="title"><b></b></p> |
| <dl> |
| <dt><span class="term">Effects:</span></dt> |
| <dd><p> |
| Return <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">get</span><span class="special">()</span></code> |
| and store <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">NULL</span></code> as |
| the pointer associated with the current thread without invoking the |
| cleanup function. |
| </p></dd> |
| <dt><span class="term">Postcondition:</span></dt> |
| <dd><p> |
| <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">get</span><span class="special">()==</span><span class="number">0</span></code> |
| </p></dd> |
| <dt><span class="term">Throws:</span></dt> |
| <dd><p> |
| Nothing. |
| </p></dd> |
| </dl> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <table xmlns:rev="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" width="100%"><tr> |
| <td align="left"></td> |
| <td align="right"><div class="copyright-footer">Copyright © 2007 -8 Anthony Williams<p> |
| Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying |
| file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target="_top">http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</a>) |
| </p> |
| </div></td> |
| </tr></table> |
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