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<a name="mpi.design"></a>Design Philosophy</h2></div></div></div>
<p>
      The design philosophy of the Parallel MPI library is very simple: be both convenient
      and efficient. MPI is a library built for high-performance applications, but
      it's FORTRAN-centric, performance-minded design makes it rather inflexible
      from the C++ point of view: passing a string from one process to another is
      inconvenient, requiring several messages and explicit buffering; passing a
      container of strings from one process to another requires an extra level of
      manual bookkeeping; and passing a map from strings to containers of strings
      is positively infuriating. The Parallel MPI library allows all of these data
      types to be passed using the same simple <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">send</span><span class="special">()</span></code> and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">recv</span><span class="special">()</span></code> primitives. Likewise, collective operations
      such as <code class="computeroutput"><a class="link" href="../boost/mpi/reduce.html" title="Function reduce">reduce()</a></code> allow arbitrary data types
      and function objects, much like the C++ Standard Library would.
    </p>
<p>
      The higher-level abstractions provided for convenience must not have an impact
      on the performance of the application. For instance, sending an integer via
      <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">send</span></code> must be as efficient as
      a call to <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">MPI_Send</span></code>, which means
      that it must be implemented by a simple call to <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">MPI_Send</span></code>;
      likewise, an integer <code class="computeroutput"><a class="link" href="../boost/mpi/reduce.html" title="Function reduce">reduce()</a></code> using <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">plus</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">&gt;</span></code> must
      be implemented with a call to <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">MPI_Reduce</span></code>
      on integers using the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">MPI_SUM</span></code>
      operation: anything less will impact performance. In essence, this is the "don't
      pay for what you don't use" principle: if the user is not transmitting
      strings, s/he should not pay the overhead associated with strings.
    </p>
<p>
      Sometimes, achieving maximal performance means foregoing convenient abstractions
      and implementing certain functionality using lower-level primitives. For this
      reason, it is always possible to extract enough information from the abstractions
      in Boost.MPI to minimize the amount of effort required to interface between
      Boost.MPI and the C MPI library.
    </p>
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<td align="right"><div class="copyright-footer">Copyright &#169; 2005-2007 Douglas Gregor,
      Matthias Troyer, Trustees of Indiana University<p>
        Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
        file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target="_top">
        http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt </a>)
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