luasocket-2.0.2/doc/url.html - nest-learning-thermostat/5.1.7/luasocket - Git at Google

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 <meta name="description" content="LuaSocket: URL manipulation">
 <meta name="keywords" content="Lua, LuaSocket, URL, Library, Link, Network, Support">
 <title>LuaSocket: URL support</title>
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 </head>

 <body>

 <!-- header +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->

 <div class=header>
 <hr>
 <center>
 <table summary="LuaSocket logo">
 <tr><td align=center><a href="http://www.lua.org">
 <img width=128 height=128 border=0 alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
 </a></td></tr>
 <tr><td align=center valign=top>Network support for the Lua language
 </td></tr>
 </table>
 <p class=bar>
 <a href="home.html">home</a> &middot;
 <a href="home.html#download">download</a> &middot;
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 <a href="reference.html">reference</a>
 </p>
 </center>
 <hr>
 </div>

 <!-- url ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->

 <h2 id=url>URL</h2>

 <p>
 The  <tt>url</tt>  namespace provides  functions  to  parse,  protect,
 and build URLs, as well  as functions to compose  absolute URLs
 from base and relative URLs, according to
 <a href="http://www.cs.princeton.edu/~diego/rfc/rfc2396.txt">RFC
 2396</a>.
 </p>

 <p>
 To obtain the <tt>url</tt> namespace, run:
 </p>

 <pre class=example>
 -- loads the URL module
 local url = require("socket.url")
 </pre>

 <p>
 An URL is defined by the following grammar:
 </p>

 <blockquote>
 <tt>
 &lt;url&gt; ::= [&lt;scheme&gt;:][//&lt;authority&gt;][/&lt;path&gt;][;&lt;params&gt;][?&lt;query&gt;][#&lt;fragment&gt;]<br>
 &lt;authority&gt; ::= [&lt;userinfo&gt;@]&lt;host&gt;[:&lt;port&gt;]<br>
 &lt;userinfo&gt; ::= &lt;user&gt;[:&lt;password&gt;]<br>
 &lt;path&gt; ::= {&lt;segment&gt;/}&lt;segment&gt;<br>
 </tt>
 </blockquote>

 <!-- absolute +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->

 <p class=name id=absolute>
 url.<b>absolute(</b>base, relative<b>)</b>
 </p>

 <p class=description>
 Builds an absolute URL from a base URL and a relative URL.
 </p>

 <p class=parameters>
 <tt>Base</tt> is a string with the base URL or
 a parsed URL table.  <tt>Relative</tt> is a
 string with the relative URL.
 </p>

 <p class=return>
 The function returns a string with the absolute URL.
 </p>

 <p class=note>
 Note: The rules that
 govern the composition are fairly complex, and are described in detail in
 <a href="http://www.cs.princeton.edu/~diego/rfc/rfc2396.txt">RFC 2396</a>.
 The example bellow should give an idea of what the rules are.
 </p>

 <pre class=example>
 http://a/b/c/d;p?q

 +

 g:h      =  g:h
 g        =  http://a/b/c/g
 ./g      =  http://a/b/c/g
 g/       =  http://a/b/c/g/
 /g       =  http://a/g
 //g      =  http://g
 ?y       =  http://a/b/c/?y
 g?y      =  http://a/b/c/g?y
 #s       =  http://a/b/c/d;p?q#s
 g#s      =  http://a/b/c/g#s
 g?y#s    =  http://a/b/c/g?y#s
 ;x       =  http://a/b/c/;x
 g;x      =  http://a/b/c/g;x
 g;x?y#s  =  http://a/b/c/g;x?y#s
 .        =  http://a/b/c/
 ./       =  http://a/b/c/
 ..       =  http://a/b/
 ../      =  http://a/b/
 ../g     =  http://a/b/g
 ../..    =  http://a/
 ../../   =  http://a/
 ../../g  =  http://a/g
 </pre>

 <!-- build ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->

 <p class=name id=build>
 url.<b>build(</b>parsed_url<b>)</b>
 </p>

 <p class=description>
 Rebuilds an URL from its parts.
 </p>

 <p class=parameters>
 <tt>Parsed_url</tt> is a table with same components returned by
 <a href="#parse"><tt>parse</tt></a>.
 Lower level components, if specified,
 take  precedence over  high level  components of  the URL grammar.
 </p>

 <p class=return>
 The function returns a string with the built URL.
 </p>

 <!-- build_path +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->

 <p class=name id=build_path>
 url.<b>build_path(</b>segments, unsafe<b>)</b>
 </p>

 <p class=description>
 Builds a <tt>&lt;path&gt;</tt> component from  a list of
 <tt>&lt;segment&gt;</tt> parts.
 Before composition, any reserved characters found in a segment are escaped into
 their protected  form, so that  the resulting path  is a valid  URL path
 component.
 </p>

 <p class=parameters>
 <tt>Segments</tt> is a list of strings with the <tt>&lt;segment&gt;</tt>
 parts. If <tt>unsafe</tt>  is anything  but <b><tt>nil</tt></b>,  reserved
 characters are left untouched.
 </p>

 <p class=return>
 The  function  returns   a string with the
 built <tt>&lt;path&gt;</tt> component.
 </p>

 <!-- escape +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->

 <p class=name id="escape">
 url.<b>escape(</b>content<b>)</b>
 </p>

 <p class=description>
 Applies the URL escaping content coding to a string
 Each byte is encoded as a percent character followed
 by the two byte hexadecimal representation of its integer
 value.
 </p>

 <p class=parameters>
 <tt>Content</tt> is the string to be encoded.
 </p>

 <p class=result>
 The function returns the encoded string.
 </p>

 <pre class=example>
 -- load url module
 url = require("socket.url")

 code = url.escape("/#?;")
 -- code = "%2f%23%3f%3b"
 </pre>

 <!-- parse ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->

 <p class=name id=parse>
 url.<b>parse(</b>url, default<b>)</b>
 </p>

 <p class=description>
 Parses an URL given as a string into a Lua table with its components.
 </p>

 <p class=parameters>
 <tt>Url</tt> is the URL to be parsed. If the <tt>default</tt> table is
 present, it is used to store the parsed fields. Only fields present in the
 URL are overwritten. Therefore, this table can be used to pass default
 values for each field.
 </p>

 <p class=return>
 The function returns a table with all the URL components:
 </p>

 <blockquote><tt>
 parsed_url = {<br>
 &nbsp;&nbsp;url = <i>string</i>,<br>
 &nbsp;&nbsp;scheme = <i>string</i>,<br>
 &nbsp;&nbsp;authority = <i>string</i>,<br>
 &nbsp;&nbsp;path = <i>string</i>,<br>
 &nbsp;&nbsp;params = <i>string</i>,<br>
 &nbsp;&nbsp;query = <i>string</i>,<br>
 &nbsp;&nbsp;fragment = <i>string</i>,<br>
 &nbsp;&nbsp;userinfo = <i>string</i>,<br>
 &nbsp;&nbsp;host = <i>string</i>,<br>
 &nbsp;&nbsp;port = <i>string</i>,<br>
 &nbsp;&nbsp;user = <i>string</i>,<br>
 &nbsp;&nbsp;password = <i>string</i><br>
 }
 </tt></blockquote>

 <pre class=example>
 -- load url module
 url = require("socket.url")

 parsed_url = url.parse("http://www.example.com/cgilua/index.lua?a=2#there")
 -- parsed_url = {
 --   scheme = "http",
 --   authority = "www.example.com",
 --   path = "/cgilua/index.lua"
 --   query = "a=2",
 --   fragment = "there",
 --   host = "www.puc-rio.br",
 -- }

 parsed_url = url.parse("ftp://root:passwd@unsafe.org/pub/virus.exe;type=i")
 -- parsed_url = {
 --   scheme = "ftp",
 --   authority = "root:passwd@unsafe.org",
 --   path = "/pub/virus.exe",
 --   params = "type=i",
 --   userinfo = "root:passwd",
 --   host = "unsafe.org",
 --   user = "root",
 --   password = "passwd",
 -- }
 </pre>

 <!-- parse_path +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->

 <p class=name id=parse_path>
 url.<b>parse_path(</b>path<b>)</b>
 </p>

 <p class=description>
 Breaks a <tt>&lt;path&gt;</tt> URL component into all its
 <tt>&lt;segment&gt;</tt> parts.
 </p>

 <p class=description>
 <tt>Path</tt> is a string with the path to be parsed.
 </p>

 <p class=return>
 Since  some characters   are   reserved   in   URLs,  they must be escaped
 whenever present in a <tt>&lt;path&gt;</tt> component. Therefore, before
 returning a list with all the parsed segments, the function removes
 escaping from all of them.
 </p>

 <!-- unescape +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->

 <p class=name id="unescape">
 url.<b>unescape(</b>content<b>)</b>
 </p>

 <p class=description>
 Removes  the   URL   escaping    content   coding   from   a string.
 </p>

 <p class=parameters>
 <tt>Content</tt> is the string to be decoded.
 </p>

 <p class=return>
 The function returns the decoded string.
 </p>

 <!-- footer +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->

 <div class=footer>
 <hr>
 <center>
 <p class=bar>
 <a href="home.html">home</a> &middot;
 <a href="home.html#down">download</a> &middot;
 <a href="installation.html">installation</a> &middot;
 <a href="introduction.html">introduction</a> &middot;
 <a href="reference.html">reference</a>
 </p>
 <p>
 <small>
 Last modified by Diego Nehab on <br>
 Thu Apr 20 00:26:05 EDT 2006
 </small>
 </p>
 </center>
 </div>

 </body>
 </html>
	<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
	"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
	<html>

	<head>
	<meta name="description" content="LuaSocket: URL manipulation">
	<meta name="keywords" content="Lua, LuaSocket, URL, Library, Link, Network, Support">
	<title>LuaSocket: URL support</title>
	<link rel="stylesheet" href="reference.css" type="text/css">
	</head>

	<body>

	<!-- header +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->

	<div class=header>
	<hr>
	<center>
	<table summary="LuaSocket logo">
	<tr><td align=center><a href="http://www.lua.org">
	<img width=128 height=128 border=0 alt="LuaSocket" src="luasocket.png">
	</a></td></tr>
	<tr><td align=center valign=top>Network support for the Lua language
	</td></tr>
	</table>
	<p class=bar>
	<a href="home.html">home</a> ·
	<a href="home.html#download">download</a> ·
	<a href="installation.html">installation</a> ·
	<a href="introduction.html">introduction</a> ·
	<a href="reference.html">reference</a>
	</p>
	</center>
	<hr>
	</div>

	<!-- url ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->

	<h2 id=url>URL</h2>

	<p>
	The <tt>url</tt> namespace provides functions to parse, protect,
	and build URLs, as well as functions to compose absolute URLs
	from base and relative URLs, according to
	<a href="http://www.cs.princeton.edu/~diego/rfc/rfc2396.txt">RFC
	2396</a>.
	</p>

	<p>
	To obtain the <tt>url</tt> namespace, run:
	</p>

	<pre class=example>
	-- loads the URL module
	local url = require("socket.url")
	</pre>

	<p>
	An URL is defined by the following grammar:
	</p>

	<blockquote>
	<tt>
	<url> ::= [<scheme>:][//<authority>][/<path>][;<params>][?<query>][#<fragment>]<br>
	<authority> ::= [<userinfo>@]<host>[:<port>]<br>
	<userinfo> ::= <user>[:<password>]<br>
	<path> ::= {<segment>/}<segment><br>
	</tt>
	</blockquote>

	<!-- absolute +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->

	<p class=name id=absolute>
	url.<b>absolute(</b>base, relative<b>)</b>
	</p>

	<p class=description>
	Builds an absolute URL from a base URL and a relative URL.
	</p>

	<p class=parameters>
	<tt>Base</tt> is a string with the base URL or
	a parsed URL table. <tt>Relative</tt> is a
	string with the relative URL.
	</p>

	<p class=return>
	The function returns a string with the absolute URL.
	</p>

	<p class=note>
	Note: The rules that
	govern the composition are fairly complex, and are described in detail in
	<a href="http://www.cs.princeton.edu/~diego/rfc/rfc2396.txt">RFC 2396</a>.
	The example bellow should give an idea of what the rules are.
	</p>

	<pre class=example>
	http://a/b/c/d;p?q

	+

	g:h = g:h
	g = http://a/b/c/g
	./g = http://a/b/c/g
	g/ = http://a/b/c/g/
	/g = http://a/g
	//g = http://g
	?y = http://a/b/c/?y
	g?y = http://a/b/c/g?y
	#s = http://a/b/c/d;p?q#s
	g#s = http://a/b/c/g#s
	g?y#s = http://a/b/c/g?y#s
	;x = http://a/b/c/;x
	g;x = http://a/b/c/g;x
	g;x?y#s = http://a/b/c/g;x?y#s
	. = http://a/b/c/
	./ = http://a/b/c/
	.. = http://a/b/
	../ = http://a/b/
	../g = http://a/b/g
	../.. = http://a/
	../../ = http://a/
	../../g = http://a/g
	</pre>

	<!-- build ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->

	<p class=name id=build>
	url.<b>build(</b>parsed_url<b>)</b>
	</p>

	<p class=description>
	Rebuilds an URL from its parts.
	</p>

	<p class=parameters>
	<tt>Parsed_url</tt> is a table with same components returned by
	<a href="#parse"><tt>parse</tt></a>.
	Lower level components, if specified,
	take precedence over high level components of the URL grammar.
	</p>

	<p class=return>
	The function returns a string with the built URL.
	</p>

	<!-- build_path +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->

	<p class=name id=build_path>
	url.<b>build_path(</b>segments, unsafe<b>)</b>
	</p>

	<p class=description>
	Builds a <tt><path></tt> component from a list of
	<tt><segment></tt> parts.
	Before composition, any reserved characters found in a segment are escaped into
	their protected form, so that the resulting path is a valid URL path
	component.
	</p>

	<p class=parameters>
	<tt>Segments</tt> is a list of strings with the <tt><segment></tt>
	parts. If <tt>unsafe</tt> is anything but <b><tt>nil</tt></b>, reserved
	characters are left untouched.
	</p>

	<p class=return>
	The function returns a string with the
	built <tt><path></tt> component.
	</p>

	<!-- escape +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->

	<p class=name id="escape">
	url.<b>escape(</b>content<b>)</b>
	</p>

	<p class=description>
	Applies the URL escaping content coding to a string
	Each byte is encoded as a percent character followed
	by the two byte hexadecimal representation of its integer
	value.
	</p>

	<p class=parameters>
	<tt>Content</tt> is the string to be encoded.
	</p>

	<p class=result>
	The function returns the encoded string.
	</p>

	<pre class=example>
	-- load url module
	url = require("socket.url")

	code = url.escape("/#?;")
	-- code = "%2f%23%3f%3b"
	</pre>

	<!-- parse ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->

	<p class=name id=parse>
	url.<b>parse(</b>url, default<b>)</b>
	</p>

	<p class=description>
	Parses an URL given as a string into a Lua table with its components.
	</p>

	<p class=parameters>
	<tt>Url</tt> is the URL to be parsed. If the <tt>default</tt> table is
	present, it is used to store the parsed fields. Only fields present in the
	URL are overwritten. Therefore, this table can be used to pass default
	values for each field.
	</p>

	<p class=return>
	The function returns a table with all the URL components:
	</p>

	<blockquote><tt>
	parsed_url = {<br>
	url = <i>string</i>,<br>
	scheme = <i>string</i>,<br>
	authority = <i>string</i>,<br>
	path = <i>string</i>,<br>
	params = <i>string</i>,<br>
	query = <i>string</i>,<br>
	fragment = <i>string</i>,<br>
	userinfo = <i>string</i>,<br>
	host = <i>string</i>,<br>
	port = <i>string</i>,<br>
	user = <i>string</i>,<br>
	password = <i>string</i><br>
	}
	</tt></blockquote>

	<pre class=example>
	-- load url module
	url = require("socket.url")

	parsed_url = url.parse("http://www.example.com/cgilua/index.lua?a=2#there")
	-- parsed_url = {
	-- scheme = "http",
	-- authority = "www.example.com",
	-- path = "/cgilua/index.lua"
	-- query = "a=2",
	-- fragment = "there",
	-- host = "www.puc-rio.br",
	-- }

	parsed_url = url.parse("ftp://root:passwd@unsafe.org/pub/virus.exe;type=i")
	-- parsed_url = {
	-- scheme = "ftp",
	-- authority = "root:passwd@unsafe.org",
	-- path = "/pub/virus.exe",
	-- params = "type=i",
	-- userinfo = "root:passwd",
	-- host = "unsafe.org",
	-- user = "root",
	-- password = "passwd",
	-- }
	</pre>

	<!-- parse_path +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->

	<p class=name id=parse_path>
	url.<b>parse_path(</b>path<b>)</b>
	</p>

	<p class=description>
	Breaks a <tt><path></tt> URL component into all its
	<tt><segment></tt> parts.
	</p>

	<p class=description>
	<tt>Path</tt> is a string with the path to be parsed.
	</p>

	<p class=return>
	Since some characters are reserved in URLs, they must be escaped
	whenever present in a <tt><path></tt> component. Therefore, before
	returning a list with all the parsed segments, the function removes
	escaping from all of them.
	</p>

	<!-- unescape +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->

	<p class=name id="unescape">
	url.<b>unescape(</b>content<b>)</b>
	</p>

	<p class=description>
	Removes the URL escaping content coding from a string.
	</p>

	<p class=parameters>
	<tt>Content</tt> is the string to be decoded.
	</p>

	<p class=return>
	The function returns the decoded string.
	</p>

	<!-- footer +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->

	<div class=footer>
	<hr>
	<center>
	<p class=bar>
	<a href="home.html">home</a> ·
	<a href="home.html#down">download</a> ·
	<a href="installation.html">installation</a> ·
	<a href="introduction.html">introduction</a> ·
	<a href="reference.html">reference</a>
	</p>
	<p>
	<small>
	Last modified by Diego Nehab on <br>
	Thu Apr 20 00:26:05 EDT 2006
	</small>
	</p>
	</center>
	</div>

	</body>
	</html>